y 



Minutes of the Proceedings 



OF THE 




OINT CONFERENCE 



COMPOSED OF THE 



:'- £ 



)ARDS of Control of 



the World's Columbi/ 



^O^tHCQ 



AND of the World's Columbian Exposit 
the Representatives of the World 
State and Territorial Boar* 



HELD IN THE CITY OF CHICAGO 
December 9 th, ioth and nth, 1891, 



.estions from the representatives of State V, 
with answers to said questions by Director- 
General George R. Davis. 




Chicago: 

RAND, McNAI.LV & COMI'AM 
l8c)2. 



r 







Minutes of the Proceedings 



JOINT CONFERENCE 



COMPOSED OF THE 

Boards of Control of the World's Columbian Commission 

and of the world's columbian exposition, with 

the Representatives of the World's Fair 

State and Territorial Boards 



HELD IN THE CITY OF CHICAGO 

December 9th, 10th and nth, 1891, 



Including- reports and questions from the Representatives of State World's 
Fair Boards, with answers to said questions by Director- 
General George R. Davis. 



Chicago: 

RAND. McNALLY cSc COMPANY. 
[892. 






DEC 2 V30r 



2*7 

O 



r> 



* 



Minutes of the Proceedings 

OF THE 

Conference of the Representatives 

OF 

State Boards and Board of Reference 
and Control. 



CHICAGO, DECEMBER 9, 1891. 

The Joint Conference, composed of the Boards of Control 
of the World's Columbian Commission and of the World's 
Columbian Exposition, together with the representatives of the 
various World's Fair State and Territorial Boards, met in the 
Directors' Hall of the World's Columbian Exposition, in the 
Rand-McNally Building, in the City of Chicago, at 12 o'clock 
noon, this date, pursuant to a call previously issued for said con- 
ference. 

President Thos. W. Palmer, of the World's Columbian Com- 
mission, in the chair. 

Secretary Jno. T. Dickinson, of the World's Columbian Com- 
mission, acting as Secretary. 

The conference was called to order by President Palmer. 

Secretary Dickinson then read the following copy of the in- 
vitation to attend this conference, which had been forwarded to 
the Secretaries of the World's Fair State and Territorial Boards, 
thus far organized, and to the governors of those States and 
Territories where World's Fair Boards have not yet been created: 

(3) 



Office of the Secretary, 

World's Columbian Commission, 

Chicago, III., Nov. 12, 1891. 
Dear Sir: By direction of Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President 
of. the World's Columbian Commission, I have the honor to 
extend to your Board an invitation to send a representative to be 
present and participate in a general conference with the Board 
of Reference and Control of the National Commission and the 
World's Columbian Exposition, to be held at World's Fair Head- 
quarters (Rand-McNally Building), in this city, at 12 o'clock 
noon, Wednesday, December 9, 1891, in accordance with the fol- 
lowing resolution adopted by the Board of Reference and Con- 
trol of the National Commission, October 20, 1891. 

Resolved, That the President of this Board be, and he is 
hereby, authorized and directed to communicate by letter with 
the several World's Fair boards, where the same shall have been 
duly constituted by statute, in the several States and Territories; 
and, in those States and Territories where there are no such 
Boards constituted by law, with such voluntary organizations as 
may have been organized by the citizens thereof for World's Fair 
work, inviting and requesting that a representative from each 
State and Territory, of such Board or State organization, be 
present and participate in a general conference with this Board 
and with the Directory of the World's Columbian Exposition, to 
be heW at the Rand-McNally Building, in the City of Chicago, 
on the second Wednesday in December, 1 891, at 12 o'clock, for 
the purpose of considering, devising, and formulating such rules 
and regulations as will most efficiently secure, in the several 
States and Territories, the systematic cooperation of the State 
Boards or other organizations in securing proper lines of exhibits, 
and generally promoting the best interests and success of the 
World's Columbian Exposition. 

Mrs. Potter Palmer, President of the National Board of Lady 
Managers, especially desires that all ladies who are members of 
the State Boards also accept the above invitation and be present 
in Chicago at the time above indicated, in order that they may 
become fully acquainted with the plans for promoting the work 
of women, in connection with the World's Fair, in the various- 
States and Territories. 



The expense attending the sending of representatives to 
this conference, it is expected, will be defrayed by your Board. 

Trusting that you will, at your earliest convenience, inform 
me of the acceptance of this invitation, and the name and post- 
office address of the representatives who will be present on that 
occasion. 

I have the honor to be, 

Very truly yours, 
(Signed) Jno. T. Dickinson, 

Secretary. 

The roll was called, and the following representatives, from 
the several States named, were present : 

Arkansas, Miss J. M. W. Loughborough; California, T. H. 
Thompson; Colorado, O. C. French, Mrs. Susan R. Ashley; Del- 
aware, Wm. R. Allaband; Florida, W. D. Chipley; Illinois, J. P. 
Reynolds, Mrs. Frances W. Shepard, Mrs. Frances B. Phillips, 
Mrs. Richard J. Oglesby, Mrs. Marcia L. Gould, Mrs. Frank 
Gilbert, Mrs. Robt. H. Wiles, Mrs. James W. Patton, Miss Mary 
Callahan; Indiana, Clem Studebaker, Mrs. May Wright Sewell, 
B.^F. Havens; Iowa, J. O. Crosby; Kentucky, Mrs. Nancy H. 
Banks; Maine, Charles P. Mattocks; Massachusetts, Jno. W. 
Corcoran, E. C. Hovey; Michigan, Isaac M. Weston, Mark W. 
Stevens, Jas. W. Flynn, E. H. Belden; Minnesota, M. B. Har- 
rison, L. P. Hunt; Missouri, Nathan Frank, Mrs. Patti Moore; 
Montana, S. De Wolfe; Nebraska, R. R. Greer, A. L. Strang; 
New Hampshire, Geo. F. Page, E. M. Shaw; New Jersey, S. J. 
Meeker, W. S. Lenox; North Dakota, H. C. Southard, H. P. 
Rucker; Ohio, Mrs. Mary A. Hart; Pennsylvania, Arthur B. 
Farquhar, Miss Mary E. McCandless; Rhode Island, Jno. C. 
Wyman, Mrs. Amey M. Starkweather; South Dakota, Oliver 
Gibbs, Jr., Mrs. Jas. R. Wilson, Robt. B. Fisk, Chas. E. Baker; 
Tennessee, O. P. Temple, J. B. Heiskell; Texas, Jno. T. Dick- 






6 

inson; Vermont, A. F. Walker; Washington, Percy W. Roches- 
ter; Wisconsin, C. W. Graves, R. B. Kirkland, Mrs. JohnWinans; 
Wyoming, Geo. East; New Mexico, W. F. Thornton. 

President Palmer stated that the following resolutions had 
just been adopted by the Board of Reference and Control of the 
World's Columbian Commission: 

Resolved, That the President and members of the Board of 
Lady Managers of the World's Columbian Commission, together 
with the women representatives of the various World's Fair 
State and Territorial Boards now in this city, be and they are 
hereby, most cordially invited to attend this conference during 
its sessions in this city, and to participate as members thereof in 
its deliberations and proceedings. 

Resolved, That the Director-General, the Department Chiefs, 
and the Chief of Construction be, and they are hereby, invited to 
attend the sessions of this joint conference, for the purpose of 
furnishing such information to the members of the conference 
as may be desired. 

Resolved, That any members of the World's Columbian Com- 
mission now in this city, and the Directors of the World's 
Columbian Exposition, and all representatives of State Boards, 
be, and they are hereby, invited to attend the sessions of this 
joint conference. 

On motion of Commissioner Martindale, the foregoing resolu- 
tions were unanimously adopted by the conference. 

President Palmer then appointed a committee, composed of 
Messrs. Martindale and Flynn, to inform Mrs. President Palmer, 
and the members of the National Board of Lady Managers and 
women representatives of World's Fair State Boards, that they 
were invited to be present and participate in the conference. 

Whereupon Mrs. Palmer and the women representatives, 
above mentioned, were escorted to the Hall by the committee 
and given seats in the conference. 



Mrs. Palmer presiding at the conference with President Pal- 
mer. 

The President: I have invited Mrs. Potter Palmer to say a 
few words, but with that delicacy which is one of her character- 
istics, she refrains. I had then to fall back on Mr. W. T. Baker, 
the President of the World's Columbian Exposition, who will 
welcome you, and also probably advance a few ideas that may 
aid you in formulating your ideas for to-morrow's report. 
Gentlemen of the convention, I introduce to you, now, Mr. W. 
T. Baker. [Applause.] 

Mr. Baker: Mr. President, what I see before me to-day in 
the intelligent faces of these delegates more than justifies the 
expectation that your and our directory indulged in two months 
ago, when this conference was projected. The value of this 
conference, if it shall attain the objects that were then had in 
view, will depend almost entirely upon the intelligence of the 
members of the State Boards. The object of this conference 
has been to see if means can not be devised by which the differ- 
ent State Boards, from Maine to California, made if necessary or 
if possible an integral part of the Exposition, with authority 
within their jurisdictions to do what may be done for the benefit 
of the great Exposition as a whole. I have been aware, and I 
think everybody connected with the Exposition has been aware, 
for a long time, of the difficulties that will appear some day in 
managing the business, with exhibitors a thousand or two thousand 
miles away from us, through our own departments here. It has 
seemed to us possible to so enlist the cooperation of the differ- 
ent State Boards that they will do that work and do it heartily 
and intelligently. In order that they may do this work, of 
course it is essential that they should have the authority to do it 
from the Board of Control, which will meet here to-day or to- 
morrow. I believe that the efficiency and the value of the State 
Boards will rest almost entirely in the outcome of this confer- 
ence, if it shall be decided by you delegates that you are willing 
to accept the responsibility which the Board of Control will, I 
believe, be willing to confer upon you; you will go back to your 



several States with a mission to perform that will, I think, not 
only interest you, but will awake the enthusiasm of every State 
in the country. 

Now there are, as I have stated at the outset, some embar- 
rassments that are likely to come to us in the future if we do 
not have your co-operation in the way of securing exhibits in the 
first place; and secondly, in the way of discriminating as to 
what exhibits are worthy to become a feature in the great Expo- 
sition. So far as we have progressed, it appears to us that we 
are rather in danger, as General Walker stated to me a week or 
two ago, of our own success; that is, in being flooded with more 
exhibits than we could take care of, or than would be worthy of 
a place in the Exposition, than otherwise. Now the matter of 
discrimination must begin at home. If an exhibitor in Cali- 
fornia has something that he thinks ought to appear in the 
Exposition, it will have to pass under the judgment of some 
person some time or other. At the present time that authority 
rests, here in Chicago, with the departments and w T ith the 
Director-General. The question is when that department or 
the Director-General is going to begin to exercise the discretion 
that belongs to him in discriminating as to what should come 
here from this long distance. It would be a great injustice to the 
man in California or Maine or Florida to invite him to come here 
with, perhaps, some bulky exhibit, and tell him when he arrives 
here that his exhibit is not worthy of a place in the great Expo- 
sition; and so some means ought to be determined to veto that 
in its incipiency. I believe that there is intelligence enough in 
the State Boards to accomplish that, and to accomplish it there, 
with the least friction and the least expense. 

There is another view of it that is equally important. I 
know, and you all know, that there are some few localities still 
remaining where there is a degree of apathy in regard to the 
Exposition. In these places the sentiment of the people can not 
be aroused in any better manner than by you yourselves — these 
very State Boards. You know everybody in the State that ought 
to exhibit, and you can see to it that they do exhibit; you can do 



it a great deal more efficiently than we can do it here; you can do 
it so that it will be not only to the credit of the great Exposition 
itself, but to the honor of the State that you represent. 

There is another thing. It is known that in previous exhibi- 
tions, a great many applications were made for space that was 
never occupied. Now there is no person at these headquarters 
that is able to determine definitely the integrity or the good 
faith of a man, who makes an application for space, a thousand 
or two thousand miles away; but you can determine that in your 
own State, and you can know whether the application for space 
is bona fide, and whether the applicant, if the space is awarded 
him, will come and occupy it and do it in a fit manner. 

These are some of the thoughts that have been in our minds 
in calling this conference. It is necessary of course that each 
State that is willing to cooperate in this way should signify it, 
because we have no power and no authority to enforce obedience 
to regulations that shall be made here; and then we must agree 
also upon what the regulations shall be. The regulations, I may 
say, have to be made by the Board of Control of the Commission. 
I have nothing whatever to do with it in my official capacity and 
in what I am saying here now. I am speaking only as one who 
is interested in the success of the Exposition, and not because I 
am likely to have any voice whatever in the actual determination 
of the methods that may be pursued. I have no doubt, however, 
that the Board of Control will be very glad to have your coopera- 
tion, and that they will make such needful regulations as you 
will agree to, giving you such authority as you will be willing to 
act under, and so on the whole we shall make this what we have 
always intended it should be — a National Exposition. 

Gentlemen and ladies, I am very glad to welcome you here, 
and I am more than glad to see the increasing interest in this 
great work that has almost taken possession of the lives of us 
who are in it day by day. Before you leave here, I shall hope to 
have the pleasure of taking you into Jackson Park to show you 
what has been done by the corporation of which I am an officer. 
In going there, I shall be glad to make my time yours, and let 



10 

you suit your own convenience as to when you may go; and if 
you will determine that for yourselves, I shall be very glad to 
hear from you sometime, I presume after to-day. [iVpplause.] 

Commissioner De Young offered the following resolution : 

Resolved, That when this conference adjourns to-day, it 
adjourn to meet at half past 10 o'clock to-morrow morning. 

Resolved further, That the men and women representatives 
of the various World's Fair State Boards present at this confer- 
ence be, and they are hereby, requested to prepare reports setting 
forth the form of World's Fair organizations in their respective 
States, amount of appropriation made, work thus far accom- 
plished, and any other matters that they may regard of suffi- 
cient importance to be embodied therein, and that they also be 
requested to prepare, with their report, but separate therefrom, 
a list of such questions as they may desire answered by the offi- 
cers of the Commission and Exposition, to the end that the said 
representatives may receive all the information regarding the 
World's Columbian Exposition that it is in the power of the 
management to furnish. 

Resolved further, That in order to expedite the consideration 
of these reports and queries, the Secretary shall, immediately 
upon the convening of the conference to-morrow morning, pro- 
ceed to call the roll of States ; and as .each State is called, the 
representatives thereof shall submit their reports and lists of 
questions, which shall be immediately read, considered, and acted 
upon, and this method of procedure shall be continued until the 
reports of all representatives present have been received and 
disposed of. 

The foregoing resolutions were adopted. 

Mr. Graves, of Wisconsin, offered the following resolution: 

Resolved, That it is the sense of this conference that all 
applications for space, from exhibitors residing in the United 
States, be made to the several State Boards direct, and by them 
forwarded to the Director-General; and that the allotment of 



11 

space to individuals or corporate exhibitors be finally awarded 
without the approval of the State Board of the State from which 
such application was filed. 

On motion of Mr. Graves, the foregoing resolution was laid 
over for action by the conference at its session to-morrow. 

Mr. Frank, of Missouri, offered the following resolution: 

Resolved, That the representatives from the various State 
Boards form an organization at the conference to-morrow, to 
the end that such organization may project a harmonious system 
to carry out the purposes of their creation, and with the view 
of aiding the World's Columbian Exposition and the World's 
Columbian Commission in their work. 

Mr. Frank amended the foregoing resolution, so that it be 
considered at the present time instead of to-morrow; and finally, 
on motion of Mr. Frank, the resolution was laid on the table for 
consideration by the conference at to-morrow's session. 

Mr. De Young moved that when the conference adjourns to- 
day, to meet at 10 o'clock to-morrow morning, that it adjourn to 
meet in the Council Chamber of the City Hall, which had been 
tendered to Secretary Dickinson by Mayor Washburne for this 
purpose. 

After some discussion, Mr. De Young withdrew this resolution, 
and on motion of Mr. Chipley, of Florida, the conference passed 
a vote of thanks to Mayor Washburne for his courtesy in tender- 
ing the use of the Council Chamber. 

Mr. Chipley, of Florida, called the attention of the conference 
to the rules and regulations for the government of State 
exhibits, which had been adopted both by the World's Colum- 
bian Commission and the World's Columbian Exposition, on 
May i, 1891, particularly directing attention to Article Sixth of 



12 * 

these rules, and especially to the three exceptions in Article 
Sixth; the entire article, with the exceptions, reading as follows: 

Sixth. Such State buildings shall be maintained as a State 
or Territorial headquarters, under the control of the State 
Board, but subject to the rules and regulations governing the 
Exposition, for the convenience and entertainment of residents 
of the particular State or Territory, and the reception and en- 
tertainment of their friends and such guests as they may invite 
to share the hospitality of such State or Territory; and shall 
also, if desired by the State or Territory, be used as a deposi- 
tory for a collective exhibit of such a line as shall best illustrate 
and exemplify the natural resources of such State, as well as its 
historical and archaeological features. Each such collective 
State exhibit shall, however, be installed and maintained only 
subject to the following conditions, limitations, and restrictions, 
to-wit: 

(a) These exhibits shall not be catalogued, nor considered as 
competitive, or at all entitled to participate in prizes or awards, 
nor be within the jurisdiction of the committees or juries of 
award. 

(b) They shall embrace no manufactures, goods, or products. 

(c) No processes shall be included therein, and no motive 
power permitted in any such building. 

This article was discussed at considerable length, although 
it was understood that it would come up for consideration at 
to-morrow's session, under the resolution of Commissioner De 
Young requesting the representatives present at the conference 
to submit in writing such questions as they desired answered by 
the officers of the Commission and the Exposition. 

Without taking any action in regard to this matter, and after 
having heard Commissioners Martindale, Massey, and De Young, 
and Director-General Davis on the subject of the rules and reg- 
ulations governing State exhibits, the conference then adjourned 



13 



Bit in the Directors' Hall at half past 10 o'clock to-morrow 
ig. 
Just prior to adjournment a note was read, from Miss Kate 
Field, inviting the members of the conference to attend a meet- 
ing in behalf of free art, in connection with the World's Fair, at 
the Athenaeum Building, at 4 o'clock this afternoon. 



CHICAGO, DECEMBER 10, 1891. 



The conference, composed of the Boards of Control of the 
World's Columbian Commission and of the World's Columbian 
Exposition, together with the representatives of the various 
World's Fair State and Territorial Boards, met in the Directors' 
Hall of the World's Columbian Exposition, in the Rand-McNally 
Building, in the City of Chicago, at 10.30 o'clock a. m., this 
date. 

President Thos. W. Palmer, of the World^s Columbian Com- 
mission, in the chair. 

Secretary Jno. T. Dickinson, of the World's Columbian Com- 
mission, acting as Secretary. 

The roll was called, and the following representatives, from 
the several States named, were present : 

Arkansas, Miss J. M. W. Loughborough; California, T. H. 
Thompson; Colorado, O. C. French, Susan R. Ashley; Delaware, 
Wm. R. Allaband, Henry C. Conrad; Florida, W. D. Chipley; 
Illinois, John P. Reynolds, Mrs. Frances W. Shepard, Mrs. 
Frances B. Phillips, Mrs. Richard J. Oglesby, Mrs. Marcia L. 
Gould, Mrs. Frank Gilbert, Mrs. R. H. Wiles, Mrs. James W. 



14 

Patton, Miss Mary Callahan; Indiana, Clem Studebaker, B. F. 
Havens, Mrs. May Wright Sewell; Iowa, J. O. Crosby, H. W. 
Seaman; Kansas, A. S. Johnson; Kentucky, Charles P. Mattocks, 
Mrs. Nancy H. Banks; Massachusetts, E. C. Hovey, Jno. W. 
Corcoran; Michigan, Isaac M. Weston, Mark W. Stevens, Jas. 
W. Flynn, E. H. Belden; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, L. P. Hunt, 
Mrs. Frances B. Clark; Missouri, Nathan Frank, Mrs. Patti 
Moore; Montana, S. De Wolfe; Nebraska, R. R. Greer, A. L. 
Strang; New Hampshire, Geo. F. Page, E. M. Shaw; New Jer- 
sey, S. J. Meeker, W. S. Lenox; North Dakota, H. C. Southard, 
H. P. Rucker; Ohio, Miss Mary A. Hart; Pennsylvania, Arthur 
B. Farquhar, Miss Mary E. McCandless; Rhode Island, Jno. C. 
Wyman, Mrs. Amey M. Starkweather; South Dakota, Oliver 
Gibbs, Jr., Robt. B. Fisk, Chas. E. Baker, Mrs. Jno. R. Wilson; 
Tennessee, O. P. Temple, J. B. Heiskell; Texas, Jno. T. Dick- 
inson; Vermont, A. F. Walker; Washington, Percy W. Roches- 
ter; West Virginia, W. N. Chancellor; Wisconsin, C. W. Graves, 
R. B. Kirkland, Mrs. John W T inans; Wyoming, Geo. East; New 
Mexico, W. F. Thornton. 

Of the Board of Reference and Control there were present, 
besides Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, presiding, Commissioners Geo. 
V. Massey, M. H. de Young, William Lindsay, J. W. St. Clair, 
and E. B. Martindale; and of the World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion, President William T. Baker; and on behalf of the National 
Board of Lady Managers, Mrs. President Palmer. 

The minutes of yesterday's meeting were read and approved. 

In compliance with the resolution offered by Commissioner 
de Young at yesterday's session and adopted, the President 
stated that reports, in accordance with said resolution, were in 
order, and thereupon the roll by States was called, and the fol- 



15 

lowing named representatives read and presented written 
reports, which were received and filed; but previous to the call- 
ing of the roll and reading of the various reports, it was agreed, 
on motion of Mr. Graves, that any questions accompanying the 
reports should be taken up and discussed after all the reports 
had been read. 

Arkansas, Miss J. M. W. Loughborough; California, T. H. 
Thompson; Colorado, Mrs. Susan R. Ashley; Delaware, Henry 
C. Conrad; Florida, W. D. Chipley; Illinois, John P. Reynolds, 
Mrs. Frances B. Phillips; Indiana, B. F. Havens, Mrs. May 
Wright Sewell; Iowa, J. O. Crosby; Kentucky, Mrs. Nancy H. 
Banks; Maine, Charles P. Mattocks; Massachusetts, Jno. W. 
Corcoran; Minnesota, L. P. Hunt; Missouri, Nathan Frank; 
Montana, S. DeWolfe; Nebraska, R. R. Greer; New Hampshire, 
Geo. F. Page; New Jersey, S. J. Meeker; North Dakota, H. C. 
Southard; Ohio, Miss Mary A. Hart; Pennsylvania, Arthur B. 
Farquhar, Miss Mary E. McCandless; Rhode Island, Jno. C. 
Wyman; South Dakota, Oliver Gibbs, Jr.; Tennessee, O. P. 
Temple; Texas, John T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker; 
Washington, Percy W. Rochester; West Virginia, W. N. Chan- 
cellor; Wisconsin, C. W. Graves; New Mexico, W. F. Thornton. 

Mr. Johnson, of Kansas, asked leave to make his report at 
to-morrow's session, which was granted. 

Mr. O. C. French, of Colorado, and Mr. Isaac M. Weston, of 
Michigan, made oral reports. 

President Baker, of the World's Columbian Exposition, then 
stated that, in accordance with the understanding had with the 
representatives at yesterday's session, for those who desired to 
go on a tour of inspection to Jackson Park to-day, he had made 
special arrangements for transportation, and that the Illinois 






16 

Central train would leave the Van Buren street station at 
2:30 p. M. 

Mr. Chipley moved that President Baker's invitation be 
accepted for 9:20 o'clock a. m., to-morrow, the nth instant. 

The motion was lost. 

On motion of Mr. Crosby, President Baker's invitation was 
accepted for 2:30 o'clock to-day. 

On motion of Mr. Graves, it was agreed that when the con- 
ference adjourns to-day, it adjourn to meet to-morrow morning 
at 10 o'clock. 

By request, Mrs. Potter Palmer, President of the National 
Board of Lady Managers of the World's Columbian Commission, 
then addressed the conference upon the creation, organization, 
and work of the Board of Lady Managers. 

Mrs. Palmer addressed the conference as follows: 
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen of the Conven- 
tion: — Knowing the value of the time of this convention, I shall 
state as briefly as possible the purposes of the Board of Lady 
Managers. The organization of the Board was authorized by the 
Act of Congress which created the World's Columbian Commis- 
sion, section six of which reads as follows: "Arid said Commission 
is authorized and required to appoint a Board of Lady Managers, 
of such number and to perform such duties as may be prescribed 
by said Commission. Said Board may appoint one or more 
members of all committees authorized to award prizes for 
exhibits, which may be produced in whole or in part by female 
labor." 

Thus, after providing for a Commission to take charge of the 
Columbian Exposition, Congress at the same time authorized 
the organization of a Board of Lady Managers, not certainly, 
because the Commission was not equal to the performance of the 
task assigned it, nor with the intention of giving women any 
undue advantage. It could have only been a practicable 



17 

acknowledgment of the really helpless position of industrial 
women, and of the fact that they and their work might be over- 
looked and neglected, and probably would be, in the coming 
Exposition. 

As the legislation, capital, and largely the business sagacity 
and experience of the country, are in the hands of men, it would 
seem that the voteless ones should have some friends to stand as 
sentinels, with power to protect their interests. 

The further privilege given by Congress to the Board, that of 
appointing jurors to pass upon the work of women, is a still 
stronger indication of the intention of Congress that women 
should not suffer injustice, but be insured fair and impartial 
treatment. 

I must state, however, that our province is not simply to care 
for the interests of women. At the time of our first meeting, in 
November, 1890, one of the first powers or duties given us by 
the Commission was that of working side by side with the men 
in the various States to promote general interest in the Fair and 
the work to be shown at the time of the exhibition. We consider 
that we have a double function: while we must, in a special way, 
look after the interests of women, we at the same time are just 
as much interested as is the Commission in the general work 
being carried on in every State and Territory of this country, 
and I am sure that the representatives from the various States 
here, will say that that has been the attitude of the women of 
each State. 

In November, 1890, the Board of Lady Managers met and 
organized. After its adjournment, the first work assigned its 
members was to provide for the appointment of women on the 
various State Boards, as without such recognition in every State 
and Territory, and a share of the appropriations made in each 
instance, the work of the Board would have been rendered very 
difficult. 

In the bill sent out by the Director General as a suggestion 
to the legislators in the various States to assist them in prepar- 
ing World's Fair bills, the important clause providing for the 
2 






18 

appointment of women on the State Boards was most unfortu- 
nately overlooked. This vital fact having been discovered by 
the Board of Lady Managers, another bill was immediately 
printed at their instigation, and sent to the members of the legis- 
latures and to the Lady Managers of the various States and Ter- 
ritories. The reports, as they came from the different States last 
winter, showed that our members were doing valiant service in 
the preliminary work of seeking to have women appointed on 
the Boards of their respective States, and of procuring the 
needed appropriations. We were gratified to learn that the leg- 
islatures in many States had the Exposition first brought to their 
attention for official action by the members of our Board, and 
that much of the enthusiasm aroused, both in legislatures and 
conventions held in the interests of the Fair, was created by our 
members and their friends, whose appeals to State pride were 
energetic, well-timed, and eminently successful. The amended 
bill by which women were given representation on the State 
Boards and a share of the funds to carry out their work, was 
thus, through the efforts of the Board of Lady Managers, gener- 
ally adopted, and was based upon their representation of the 
work to be done for women in each State. 

The standing of the Board having been fully established by 
the legislation of the various States and Territories, and by the 
subsequent action of Congress, the Commission, during its meet- 
ing in April, 1891, passed the following resolution: 

Whereas, The Act of Congress, approved March 4, 1891, 
explicitly recognizes said Board of Lady Managers and provides 
that $36,000 of the appropriation made for the use of the World's 
Columbian Commission for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1892, 
shall be used for the said Board of Lady Managers; now, 
therefore, for the purpose of more fully fixing and defining the 
powers and duties of said Board of Lady Managers; 

Resolved by this Comi?iission — First. That the Board of 
Lady Managers be, and they are hereby, directed and empowered 
to appoint one or more members of all committees authorized to 
award prizes for exhibits which may be produced in whole or in 
part by female labor; and the number of such women members 



19 

so to be appointed shall be in proportion to the percentage of 
female labor performed in the production of such exhibits. 

Second. That the said Board shall have the management and 
control of the building known as the Woman's Building. 

Third. That said Board shall have general charge and 
management of all the interests of women in connection with 
the Exposition; and it is hereby recognized and declared to be the 
official channel of communication through which all women or 
organizations of women may be brought into relation with the 
Exposition, and through which all applications for space shall be 
made for the exclusive use of women or their exhibits in the 
buildings, or for the construction of buildings intended exclu- 
sively for women's use in the Exposition; and that in respect to 
these and all similar matters, connected with the preparation for, 
and the management of the Exposition, in so far as the same 
relates to women's work, women's exhibits, and women's interests 
in general, the direction and approval of the Board of Lady 
Managers, through its President, shall be necessary before final 
and conclusive action is taken. 

The various powers conferred upon the Board by Congress, 
Commission, the Directory, and the legislature of most of 
the States and Territories, influenced the Board to decide to 
mark the first participation of women in an important national 
enterprise by gathering, in the competitive exhibit in the general 
buildings, such a representation of women's work and of all 
statistics and data in connection therewith as will show progress 
made by women in every country in the world during the century 
in which educational and other privileges have been granted 
them, and also the increased usefulness that has resulted from 
the enlargement of her opportunities. 

The Board of Lady Managers has, therefore, invited the 
women of all countries to participate in this great exhibit of 
women's work, so that it may be made, not only national, but 
universal, and that all may profit by a free comparison of 
methods, agencies, and results. The Board regards it of first 
importance that such a representative collection be secured as 
will give an adequate idea of the extent and "value of the work 
being done by women in the arts, sciences, and industries. It 



20 

will also attempt to show the bread-winners who are fighting, 
unaided, the battle of life, the new avenues of employment that 
are constantly being opened to them, and in which of these their 
work will be of the most distinct value, by reason of their adapta- 
bility, sensitive and artistic temperaments, and individual tastes; 
what education will best enable them to enjoy the wider oppor- 
tunities awaiting them and make their work of the greatest 
worth, not only to themselves, but to the world. I regret to 
have to say that our idea, which we hoped to be the first to carry 
out, has appealed so strongly to the quick perception of the 
French that they have, since the public announcement of our 
plans, seized the idea, and they are already preparing an exhibit 
of women's work and progress in the past and present, which 
will be shown in the Palais de l'lndustrie next summer, in 
advance of our exhibits. We are sorry not to have been the first 
to carry out the exhibit idea, which originated with us; but we 
feel that it is a great compliment to have the significance of it 
appreciated by such a people as the French, and we have no 
question that we can learn valuable lessons from the exhibit that 
they will prepare. 

The Board has decided that at the coming Exposition it will 
not attempt to separate the exhibit of women's work from that 
of men, for the reason that as women are working side by side 
with men in all the factories of the world, it would be practically 
impossible, in most cases, to divide the finished result of their 
combined work ; nor would women be satisfied with prizes 
unless they were awarded without distinction as to sex, and as 
the result of fair competition with the best work shown. They 
are striving for excellence and desire recognition only for d-em- 
onstrated merit. In order, however, that the enormous amount 
of work being done by women may be appreciated, a tabulated 
statement will be procured and shown with every exhibit, stating 
the proportion of woman's work that enters into it. The appli- 
cation blanks now being sent out to manufacturers contain this 
inquiry. 

The Board of Lady Managers has been granted, by Act of 



21 

Congress, the great and unusual privilege of appointing members 
of each jury to award prizes for articles into which woman's 
work enters. The number of women on each jury will be pro- 
portionate to the amount of work done by women in the corre- 
sponding department of classification. The statement as to the 
amount of their work will therefore be of double significance, 
for in addition to the impressive showing of how large a pro- 
portion of the heavy labor of the world is being performed by 
the weaker sex, it will also determine the amount of jury repre- 
sentation to which the Board is entitled. 

Beside the extensive exhibit in the general Exposition build- 
ings, women will have another opportunity of displaying work 
of superior excellence in a very advantageous way in the 
Woman's Building, over which the Board of Lady Managers will 
exercise complete control. In its central gallery it is intended 
to have grouped the most brilliant achievements of women from 
every country and in every line of work. Exhibits will be ad- 
mitted only by invitation, which will be considered the equivalent 
of a prize. No sentimental sympathy for women will cause the 
admission of second-rate objects, for the highest standard of 
excellence is to be strictly maintained. Commissions of women, 
organized in all countries as auxiliaries to the Board of Lady 
Managers, will be asked to recommend objects of superior merit 
produced by women, and producers of such successful work will 
be invited to place specimens in the gallery of the Woman's 
Building. 

Not only has woman become an immense although generally 
unrecognized factor in the industrial world, but, hers being es- 
sentially the arts of peace and progress, her best work is shown 
in the numberless charitable, reformatory, educational, and other 
beneficient institutions which she has had the courage and ideal- 
ity to establish for the alleviation of suffering, for the correction 
of many forms of social injustice and neglect, and for the refor- 
mation of long-established wrongs. These institutions exert a 
strong and steady influence for good; an influence which tends 
to decrease vice, to make useful citizens of the helpless or de- 






22 

praved, to elevate the standard of morality, and to increase the 
sum of human happiness; thus most effectively supplementing 
the best efforts and furthering the highest aims of all govern- 
ment. 

All organizations of women must be impressed with the ne- 
cessity of making an effective showing of the noble work which 
each is carrying on. We especially desire to have represented, in 
the rooms reserved for that purpose in the Woman's Building, 
the educational work originated or carried on by women from 
the Kindergarten organizations up to the highest branches of ed- 
ucation, including all schools of applied science and art, such as 
training schools for nurses, manual training, industrial art and 
cooking schools, domestic economy, sanitation, etc. When not 
practically exhibited, the work of all such organizations should 
be shown by maps, charts, photographs, relief models, etc., but 
it is earnestly hoped that one at least, the most representative 
institution in each of these branches, will be shown from every 
State and every country, in order that a comparison may be 
made of the systems. 

Commissions co-operating with the Board of Lady Managers 
will be asked to aid them: 

ist. To procure a representative exhibit showing the work 
of women in all the varied occupations in which they engage. 

2d. To procure as far as possible statistics as to the amount 
of woman's work that enters into every exhibit, and other inter- 
esting data connected with the same. 

3d. To recommend to the Board work by women, of such 
supreme excellence as to be worthy of admission to the gallery 
of the Woman's Building. 

4th. To recommend to the Board, women who have the req- 
uisite expert knowledge to serve on various juries of award. 

5th. To see that the Educational work being carried on by 
women, from the primary to the highest branches of education, is 
• exhibited when possible; and when not possible, that it be illus- 
trated by means of maps, charts, photographs, etc. 



23 

6th. To see that the charitable and philanthropic work — as 
well as that to promote recreation, healthfulness, reform, etc. — 
inaugurated by women is either exhibited or made matter of 
record, as above. 

7th. To aid in giving suitable publicity to the plans of the 
Board of Lady Managers in all the leading papers, through the 
agency of Press women, when possible. 

8th. To aid in collection of a loan exhibit of old 'ace, em- 
broideries, fans, etc. 

9th. To secure the books written by women for the Woman's 
Library, especially such as relate to the exact sciences, philoso- 
phy, art, etc. 

Our plans are being developed day by day, and we undoubt- 
edly shall have many more lines of work than those now laid 
down; but at present these are the plans which we submit for 
work in this country and abroad. [Applause.] 

Upon the conclusion of Mrs. Palmer's address, on motion of 
Mr. Chipley, the conference expressed its appreciation of, and 
thanks for, the address by a rising vote, which was unanimous. 

Commissioner De Young offered the following resolution: 
Resolved, That it is the sense of the convention of the repre- 
sentatives of the boards of the various States of this Union that 
the Government of the United States be requested, in com- 
memoration of the Columbian Exposition and the event it cele- 
brates, to coin "hrough its mints pieces of the value of fifty 
cents. This being the probable price of admission, these coins 
can be used for that purpose and will make valuable souvenirs. 
The component parts of said coin to be of gold and silver in due 
ratio. That five million be struck, and they be made legal ten- 
ders. 

That the Secretary of this meeting be requested to forward 
this resolution to Congressman Springer," of Illinois, with a 
request that he introduce such a bill and present this resolution 
to Congress. 






24 

Mr. Rochester moved to refer the foregoing resolution to a 
special committee of three, for report, which motion prevailed, 
and the President appointed Messrs. Rochester, De Young, and 
Gibbs as said committee. 

Mr. Chipley offered the following resolution, which was 
adopted: 

Resolved, That the Director-General be requested to have 
the proceedings of this conference, including Mrs. Palmer's 
address, printed and furnished the representatives of World's 
Fair State Boards. 

The conference then adjourned until 10 o'clock to-morrow 
morning. 



CHICAGO, DECEMBER n, 1891. 

The conference, composed of the Board of Control of the 
World's Columbian Commission and the World's Columbian 
Exposition, together with the representatives of the various 
World's Fair State and Territorial Boards, met in the Directors' 
Hall of the World's Columbian Exposition, in the Rand-McNally 
Building, in the City of Chicago, at 10.30 o'clock a. m. this date. 
President Thomas W. Palmer, of the World's Columbian Commis- 
sion, in the chair. Secretary Jno. T. Dickinson, of the World's 
Columbian Commission, acting as Secretary. 

The roll was called, and the following representatives from 
the several States named were present: 

Arkansas, Miss J. M. W. Loughborough; Colorado, O. C. 
French, Mrs. Susan R. Ashley; Delaware, Wm. R. Allaband, 
Henry C Conrad, Mrs. Caleb Churchman; Illinois, John P. 
Reynolds, Mrs. F. B. Phillips, Mrs. F. W. Shepard, Mrs. Richard 



25 

J. Oglesby, Mrs. M. L. Gould, Mrs. Frank Gilbert,- Mrs. R. H. 
Miles, Mrs. J. W. Patton, Miss Mary Callahan; Indiana, Clem. 
Studebaker, B. F. Havens, Mrs. May Wright Sewell; Iowa, J. O. 
Crosby, H. W. Seaman, Miss Ora E. Miller; Kansas, A. S. John- 
son; Kentucky, Mrs. Nancy H. Banks; Maine, Charles P. 
Mattocks; Massachusetts, E. C. Hovey, Jno. W. Corcoran; 
Michigan, Isaac Weston, Mark W. Stevens, James W. Flynn. 
E. H. Belden; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, L. P. Hunt, Mrs. 
Frances B. Clark, Mrs. H. F. Brown; Missouri, Nathan Frank, 
Mrs. Patti Moore; Montana, S. De Wolfe; Nebraska, R. R, 
Greer, A. L. Strang; New Hampshire, George F. Page, E. M. 
Shaw; New Jersey, S. J. Meeker, W. S. Lenox; North Dakota, 
H. C. Southard, H. P. Rucker; Ohio, Mrs. Mary A. Hart, Mrs. 
P. M. Hartpence; Pennsylvania, Arthur B. Farquhar, Miss Mary 
E. McCandless; Rhode Island, Jno. C. Wyman, Mrs. Amey M. 
Starkweather; South Dakota, Oliver Gibbs, Jr., Robt. B. Fisk, 
Chas. E. Baker; Tennessee, O. P. Temple, J. B. Heiskell; Texas, 
Jno. T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker; Washington, Percy 
W. Rochester; West Virginia, W. N. Chancellor; Wisconsin, 
C. W. Graves, R. B. Kirkland, Mrs. Jno. Winans; New Mexico, 
W. T. Thornton, Richard Mansfield White. 

Of the Board of Reference and Control there were present, 
besides Hon. Thos. W. Palmer presiding, Commissioners Geo. 
V. Massey, M. H. de Young, William Lindsay, J. W. St. Clair, 
and E. B. Martindale; and of the World's Columbian Exposition, 
President Wm. T. Baker; and on behalf of the National Board 
of Lady Managers, Mrs. President Palmer. 

The minutes of yesterday's meeting were read and approved. 

A communication from Richard Allen Dawson, Secretary of 
the National Convention of Colored Men, 1890-91, asking 






26 

" the privilege of appearing before the conference and present- 
ing a statement of facts as to what has been done by the colored 
people," etc., which was received and filed; and, on motion of 
Mr. Frank, Mr. Morris was invited to a seat upon the floor of the 
conference. 

On motion of Mrs. Palmer, Mrs. Fannie B. Williams (colored)- 
was invited to a seat upon the floor of the conference. 

On motion of Mrs. Phillips, Miss Kate Field, now in the city, 
was invited to a seat upon the floor of the conference. 

Mr. Farquhar offered the following preamble and resolution: 

Whereas, The Convention of Delegates having in charge the 
interests of the States they respectively represent in the World's 
Columbian Exposition, having carefully investigated the scope 
and plan of said Exposition, and the ways and means provided 
for completing the preparations in a manner adequate to the 
requirements of a National undertaking, deem it proper to give 
public expression of the result of their inquiries, observations, 
and conclusions, in the form of the following resolutions: 

Resolved, That the World's Columbian Exposition is an enter- 
prise in all respects National and international in its character, 
having been authorized and promoted by the Congress of the 
United States. The Act of Congress, as a condition precedent 
to locating said International Exposition at Chicago, required 
the citizens of said city to furnish a satisfactory site and 
$10,000,000, this sum being deemed by Congress sufficient to 
complete the work of preparation. We find that the citizens of 
Chicago have complied fully with the requirements of said Act 
of Congress. They have provided an ample and admirable site, 
and have furnished more than ten millions of dollars. We find 
also that the growth in every department of science, industry, and 
art, and the interest manifested by all the nations of the earth in 
the proposed Exposition, celebrating an event marking an import- 
ant epoch in the history of the world — the discovery of America 
— renders it absolutely necessary for the Commission having 



27 

jurisdiction to enlarge the scope and plan of said Exposition 
beyond what was originally contemplated, in order that it might 
fulfill its mission and comport with the true dignity of the 
nation. In this the National Commission has but complied in a 
reasonable manner with the obvious demands of the Act of 
Congress. 

We find that the work has proceeded according to the plans 
provided by the National Commission, that great progress has 
been made, and no doubt is left in our minds that if those in 
charge of the enterprise are properly sustained by the general 
Government, as they deserve to be, the Exposition will in every 
respect far surpass, in extent and useful influence, any that has 
been heretofore held. 

After having studied with care the scope and plan of the 
Exposition, the work so far as it has progressed, and the 
estimates submitted by the Finance Committee, we are satisfied 
that at least eighteen millions of dollars will be required to fully 
and properly complete the work of preparation in a manner 
creditable to the nation. 

We affirm without hesitation that the representatives of the 
people of the United States in Congress, should promptly appro- 
priate five millions of dollars for the completion of this national 
enterprise projected by them. The advantages of the Exposition 
are to be reaped by the citizens of the entire United States. The 
people of Chicago have contributed five millions of dollars, the 
city five millions of dollars, and it certainly would be reasonable, 
under the circumstances, for the rest of the country to contribute 
an additional five millions of dollars, since the advantage to them 
is beyond calculation. 

As said above, this is a national enterprise, and the credit 
of the country is at stake. If it fails, it will do us incalculable 
injury ; if successful, incalculable good. The work should be 
completed in a manner commensurate with the greatness of the 
nation, and the importance of the event celebrated, or it should 
never have been attempted. 



28 

Representing the several States of the Union, we recommend 
our constituents to use their influence to secure an appropriation 
by Congress of five millions of dollars, upon such terms as may 
seem just and equitable. 

At the suggestion of President Palmer, the consideration of 
the foregoing preamble and resolutions was deferred until the un- 
finished business of yesterday's session should be disposed of. 

The President then called for the reports of States, which 
had failed to report at yesterday's session, and none responding, 
questions from representatives, in accordance with a resolution 
adopted at yesterday's session, were announced to be in order. 

Mr. Massey moved that all questions now propounded, and 
that all questions that may be propounded during this conference, 
shall be referred to the Director General, who shall answer them • 
at his convenience after conference with his Department Chiefs.* 

Mr. Graves moved to amend said motion, by making a re- 
quest that the Director General answer them now. 

Mr. Walker moved, as a substitute for Mr. Massey's motion: 

That questions before the conference be now read, and that mo- 
tions now pending be laid on the table until after the reading. 

Which motion prevailed. 

The questions were then read, and upon the completion of 
their reading, Mr. Massey offered the following resolution: 

Resolved, That the questions submitted and read, and such 
others as may be presented, be, and they are hereby, referred to 
the Director General for consideration and reply by letter to the 
State Board or organization propounding same. 

Mr. Rochester moved to amend said resolution by inserting 
the following: " And that these questions and answers be pub- 
lished in the proceedings of this meeting, and be furnished to 
everv State in the Union." 



29 

Mr. Frank offered the following resolution as a substitute for 
Mr. Rochester's amendment, which was accepted by him: 

Resolved, That the proceedings of this conference be printed 
with all convenient speed; that the answers to questions pro- 
pounded be printed, and that copies of the printed pamphlet be 
sent to the State Boards for information. 

The resolution of Mr. Massey was adopted. 

Mr. Heiskell offered the following: 

Resolved, That the questions filed be again read, and that such 
of them as relate to matters settled and known shall be taken up, 
answered, and discussed at present. 

Mr. Rochester offered the following amendment to said res- 
olution, which was accepted by Mr. Heiskell: 

Resolved, That the questions read be immediately referred to 
the Director General, and that he be requested to make answers 
to such as he is prepared to answer. 

Mr. Graves offered the following as a substitute for the reso- 
lution of Mr. Heiskell: 

Resolved, That the Director General be invited to this room, if 
it is convenient for him to come and listen to the reading of the 
questions, and answer such of them as it may be convenient for 
him to answer at this time. 

Mr. Havens offered the following resolution as a substitute 
for all of the foregoing resolutions and amendments, and it was 
adopted : 

Resolved, That the questions submitted be referred to the Di- 
rector General, and that he be requested to make answers to such 
as he is prepared to answer, at three o'clock this afternoon. 

The resolution of Mr. Farquhar offered earlier in the session 
was now taken up for consideration. 

Mr. Haven moved to strike out the word " appropriation " 
wherever it occurs in the resolution, and insert the word " loan " 






30 

in lieu thereof, but subsequently was permitted to withdraw said 
amendment. 

Mr. Frank raised the point of order, that the subject matter 
of Mr. Farquhar's resolution could not be considered by the 
conference. 

The President ruled that the point of order was not well taken. 

Upon the motion to adopt Mr. Farquhar's resolution, Mr. Cor- 
coran moved that a vote be taken by the call of States, and it was 
so agreed. 

Upon the call of States, those voting to adopt the resolution 
of Mr. Farquhar were: Arkansas, Colorado, Delaware, Indiana, 
Kansas, Maine, Michigan, Minnesota, Montana, New Hampshire, 
New Jersey, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Texas, Vermont, 
Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, and New 
Mexico (21). Present and not voting: Iowa, Massachusetts, Mis- 
souri, Rhode Island, South Dakota, Tennessee (6). California 
and Florida were not present at this conference. 

On motion of Comissioner St. Clair, the announcement of the 
result of the vote was deferred. 

Mr. Chancellor offered the following preamble and resolu- 
tion : 

Whereas, It is the sense of this conference that the active 
co-operation of the World's Fair Boards of the several States and 
Territories should be invoked (in so far as it maybe legally prac- 
ticable so to do) in securing proper lines of competitive exhibits 
from individuals or corporations within their respective States 
and Territories ; and, 

Whereas, Under the Act of Congress and the regulations for 
the allotment of space already prescribed, pursuant to the author- 
ity of said Act, it is not believed that this co-operation can be 
effectively invoked otherwise than as the medium for furnishing 
reliable information as to the quality and character of the pro- 



31 

posed exhibit, as well as the character and standing of the intend- 
ing exhibitor, and expressing approval or disapproval thereof ; 
and that while it is understood that applications for the allot- 
ment of space may be either forwarded directly, or through the 
Board of the State or Territory wherein the intending exhibitor 
resides, to the Director General, it is nevertheless deemed import- 
ant that the Board of each State or Territory shall be promptly 
advised of every such application as shall be made directly to the 
Director General, so as to be enabled to furnish the information 
desired touching the same, and expressing approval or disap- 
proval thereof ; and this conference, therefore, respectfully sug- 
gests and recommends to the Board of Reference and Control of 
the World's Columbian Commission the adoption of the following 
resolution : 

Resolved, That the Director General shall promptly forward 
to the Board of the State or Territory whence any such applica- 
tions shall emanate, copies of all such applications for the allot- 
ment of space as shall have been transmitted directly to that 
officer, and that the several Boards be requested to furnish 
information to the Director General, in such form and manner 
as he may prescribe as to every application. 

And, upon the adoption of such resolution by the Board of 
Reference and Control, this conference, as the representative of 
the several State Boards assembled herein, pledges the hearty 
and active aid and co-operation of each such State or Territory in 
this particular line of work, as well as in every other in which its 
agency can properly be employed for promoting the interest and 
success of the World's Columbian Exposition, in each of the 
several Departments thereof. 

Mr. Graves called up as unfinished business his resolution 
offered on the first day of the session : 

Resolved, That it is the sense of this conference that all appli- 
cations for space from exhibitors residing in the United States 
be made to the several State Boards direct, and by them for- 
warded to the Director General, and that no allotment of space 



32 

to individuals or corporate exhibitors be finally awarded without 
the approval of the State Board of the State from which such 
application was filed. 

Mr. Corcoran offered the following as a substitute for Mr. 
Chancellor's resolutions: 

Resolved, That all applications for the space allotted for exhib- 
itors be referred primarily to the several Boards of State Mana- 
gers for their consideration and determination, under such rules 
and regulations as the Board of Control may prescribe ; provided, 
however, that for cause shown an appeal may be allowed by said 
Board of Control to any applicant aggrieved by any determi- 
nation of a Board of State Managers. 

On motion of Mr. Frank, the consideration of the foregoing 
resolutions were temporarily deferred. 

After some discussion on the resolutions offered by Mr. 
Farquhar, the President ordered the announcement of the vote 
upon the adoption of said resolutions, and it was done, as fol- 
lows: 

States voting for the resolution 21 

Present and not voting 6 

Not present at the conference... 2 

The following named representatives stated in substance that, 
in their official or representative capacity, they did not feel jus- 
tified in voting for Mr. Farquhar's resolution; but as individuals 
were willing to have their names recorded as being favorably 
disposed to the intent and purposes of the resolution, and their 
names were thus recorded: Messrs. John W. Corcoran and E. 
C. Hovey, of Massachusetts; John P. Reynolds, of Illinois; J. O. 
Crosby, of Iowa; Nathan Frank, of Missouri, and John C. 
Wyman, of Rhode Island. 



33 

Mr. Rochester, from the committee to whom was referred the 
resolution of Commissioner de Young, reported back said resolu- 
tion amended, and asked that it be adopted. 

Said resolution as amended reads as follows: 

Resolved, That it is the sense of this Convention of the repre- 
sentatives of the Boards of the various States of this Union, that 
the Government of the United States be requested, in commem- 
oration of the World's Columbian Exposition and the event it 
celebrates, to coin through its mints pieces of the value of fifty 
cents. That being the probable price of admission, these coins 
can be used for that purpose, and will make valuable souvenirs. 
The component parts of said coin to be of such metal or metals as 
will give it a distinctive character; that five millions be struck, and 
that they be made legal tenders. 

That the Secretary of this meeting be requested to forward 
this resolution to Congressman Springer, of Illinois, with a 
request that he introduce such a bill and present this resolution 
to Congress. 

On the motion to adopt said resolution, a rising vote was 
demanded, and the resolution was rejected. Ayes — 7; nays — 14. 

Commissioner White, on behalf of the Lady Manager from 
Delaware, offered the following resolution, which was adopted: 

That a vote of thanks be given to Mr. Baker for the special 
car, placed at the disposal of this conference, to visit and view 
the grounds and buildings of the Exposition. 

The resolutions of Messrs. Graves, Chancellor, and Corcoran 
were then taken up. 

Mr. French moved to refer said resolutions to a committee of 
three for a report. 

President Baker moved to amend said motion, by making 

said committee consist of six members, three from the State 

Representatives and three from members of the Board of Ref- 
3 






34 

erence and Control, which amendment was accepted; and the 
motion, as amended, having been adopted, the President 
appointed, as said committee, Messrs. Graves, Chancellor, and 
Corcoran, of the Representatives; and Commissioners Lindsay, 
Massey, and Martindale, of the Board of Reference and Control. 

Mr. Frank called up the following resolution, which had been 
offered at the first session of the conference, and subsequently 
withdrew it: 

Resolved, That the representatives from the various State 
Boards form an organization at the conference to-morrow to the 
end that such organization may project a harmonious system to 
carry out the purposes of their creation, and with the view of 
aiding the World's Columbian Commission and the World's Co- 
lumbian Exposition in their work. 

Mrs. May Wright Sewall offered the following resolution, 
which was adopted: 

Resolved, That it is the sense of this conference that the 
interests of the Columbian Exposition will be advanced by the 
participation of women with men in every State Commission; 
and therefore the conference recommends that in all States 
where the organic law does not forbid it, women be placed on 
the State Commission; and that where the law does now prevent 
this action, that an effort be made to have the law amended; and 
further, that in order to secure intelligent harmony between the 
plans of the Board of Lady Managers and the State Boards, that 
the Lady Managers from each State be included in the State 
Commissions. 

On motion of Mr. Frank, the conference took a recess until 
1.45 P. M. 



Upon the reassembling of the conference, at 1.45 p. m., Presi- 
dent Palmer announced that Mr. Morris, who had been admitted 
to a seat in the conference, was present and desired to address the 



35 

conference; thereupon, Mr. Morris addressed the conference, and 
at the conclusion of his remarks offered the following resolution: 

Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed from this 
conference for the purpose of considering the ways and means 
by which the interest of the Exposition can best be promoted 
among the colored people throughout the United States, and that 
said committee formulate and report a plan to this conference, 
and the same, if adopted, be recommended by this body to the 
Board of Control for its approval. 

The President announced that the resolution would lie upon 
the table until the regular business should be disposed of. 

Commissioner Lindsay, on behalf of the committee to whom 
had been referred the resolutions of Messrs. Graves, Chancellor, 
and Corcoran, reported the following resolutions, which were 
adopted: 

Whereas, It is the sense of this conference that the active 
co-operation of the World's Fair Boards of the several States and 
Territories should be invoked (in so far as it may be legally 
practicable so to do) in securing proper lines of competitive ex- 
hibits from individuals or corporations within their respective 
States and Territories, it is therefore 

Resolved, That the World's Columbian Commission, or its 
Eoard of Control, should adopt such regulations as may be 
necessary to enable such of the said State or Territorial Boards, 
as may so desire and request, to inquire into and consider the 
propriety of all exhibits that may be offered by any citizen or 
resident of their respective States or Territories; and it is the 
opinion of this conference that such State or Territorial Board 
should be empowered to receive, and to forward to the Director- 
General, applications for space, with such recommendations and 
information as they may deem proper. And it should be pro- 
vided that in case any proposed exhibitor shall apply directly to 
the Director-General, the application should be referred to the 
Board of his State or Territory, and final action thereon deferred 



36 

until such Board shall have had fair and reasonable opportunity 
to consider and report upon the same. 

Mr. Frank made the following announcement : 

Since the morning session, when I withdrew from the con- 
sideration of the conference the resolution proposing an organiz- 
ation of the Representatives of the State Boards, sincere regret ' 
has been expressed at my so doing. I therefore give notice, that 
if occasion calls for it, and the request is made of me hereafter 
by three Representatives so to do, I shall ask the Representatives 
to meet in Chicago for the purpose of considering and of carry- 
ing into effect said resolution. 

Director General Davis then appeared before the conference, 
in compliance with the request contained in the resolution 
adopted at this morning's session, and spoke in reference to the 
subject matter originating in said resolution. The questions 
which had been propounded, he took up and answered seriatim. 

Mr. Havens off ered the following resolution, which was unani- 
mously adopted : 

Resolved, That the thanks of the members of the conference 
be returned to Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, the President thereof, for 
his prompt, fair, impartial, and courteous treatment of all, as the 
presiding officer of our meeting. 

On motion of Mr. Corcoran; the convention adjourned 
sine die. 



Reports of the Representatives 

OF THE SEVERAL 

State and Territorial Boards 



ARKANSAS. 
Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

In making my report of the work thus far accomplished in the 
State of Arkansas, I desire to say that the bill to appropriate a 
sum of money toward a representation of the products of the 
State at the World's Fair, which passed the House of Repre- 
sentatives last winter, failed to pass the Senate, owing to the fact 
that a two-thirds majority is required for appropriation bills. 

This was greatly regretted by all liberal-minded citizens, and 
a movement was immediately started for raising funds by popu- 
lar subscription. At the request of many prominent people, 
Governor Eagle called a World's Fair Convention, which was 
held in Little Rock, on the 6th of August, at which there were 
present not less than two representatives from each county. 

This convention adopted a charter for a stock company of 
$100,000, with shares at $2 each, to be known as the Arkansas 
World's Fair Association, Col. J. H. Clendening, of Fort Smith, 
being elected President. 

This charter provides for a Board of Directors (the number 
being not yet decided upon), who shall elect a State Board, 
composed equally of men and women; to the women will be 
given five per cent, of all funds collected. 

Under the leadership of Mrs. Eagle, assisted by Mrs. Edger- 
ton — these ladies being the National Commissioners for the State 
— the interests of the women will be well represented. 

The general interests of the State have been thus far most 
ably managed by Governor Eagle and our two National Com- 

(37) 



38 

missioners, Maj. Jno. D. Adams and Col. J. H. Clendening, very 
influential men. 

In the report of the Secretary of the Chamber of Commerce of 
Fort Smith, of which Colonel Clendening is President, the fol- 
lowing statement is made: 

Five hundred and twenty letters of inquiry have been re- 
ceived and answered, and more than 600 letters have been sent 
out through this organization by President Clendening in work- 
ing up an interest in the two World's Fair Conventions which 
were held in Little Rock, in January and August of this year. 

There will be a meeting of the Arkansas World's Fair 
Association held in Little Rock to-day, for the purpose of per- 
fecting a plan of permanent organization. 

It is to be regretted that the organization could not have 
been perfected sooner, but the State will soon be in a position 
to outline its plan of work. 

Arkansas was proud to welcome the distinguished President 
of the Board of Lady Managers, Mrs. Potter Palmer, and 
the Secretary of the World's Columbian Commission, Colonel 
Dickinson, who assisted so materially during their recent visit 
in arousing an interest among the people of our State in the 
coming Exposition. 

With her extensive coal mines, iron, silver, and copper ore v 
large products of manganese, beautiful native woods, and the 
fruits which grow to such perfection in the State, Arkansas will 
have every reason to be proud of her exhibit. 

It is to be regretted that two of the most important features 
of our State can not be exhibited at the World's Fair, as each would 
lose its efficacy in transportation. The first of these, the wonder- 
ful medicinal waters of the Hot Springs; the second, our 
salubrious climate. 

Jean Loughborough, 
Delegate for the State of Arkansas^ 



39 

CALIFORNIA. 
Chicago, III., December 10, 1891. 
Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission. 

Sir: In compliance with the resolution of yesterday, I would 
respectfully submit the following report: 

The last Legislature of California made an appropriation of 
the sum of $300,000 for the purpose of erecting a building, col- 
lecting and maintaining an exhibit of the products of California 
at the World's Columbian Exposition, etc. This sum is now 
available and at the disposal of the Commission appointed by the 
Government. 

As yet no plan for a building has been decided upon, but 
several architects are at work, and it is expected that we shall be 
ready to commence the erection of a building as soon as the 
weather will permit. 

Within the past few months, much work has been done 
throughout the State in personal interviews and correspondence 
with individuals and exhibitors, and that there will be a good 
representation from California, in all departments, there is little 
or no doubt in the minds of the Commission. 

And that the exhibit within the State building will be as 
thoroughly complete of our products and resources as the rules 
of your honorable body will permit us to make it, there is still 
less doubt. 

The State Commission has also organized County World's 
Fair Associations in nearly all the counties of the State, and 
through a large and organized membership of its associations, 
we hope to keep up the feeling of enthusiasm until we get the 
State fairly represented inside of Jackson Park. 

Thos. H. Thompson, 
Secretary California World's Fair Commission. 

COLORADO. 
Mr. and Mrs. President, Ladies and Gentlemen: 

The General Assembly of the State of Colorado, in creating 
our State Board of World's Fair Managers, declared as full 



40 

members the Committee and Alternates, the Lady Managers and 
Alternates, made the Governor of the State President of the 
Board, and gave him the appointing of five other members, who 
should, with himself, equally represent the two leading political 
parties. We have, therefore, fourteen members on our State 
Board, four of whom are women. 

In dividing the work of the State, in order to handle it more 
easily while within our own borders, we made but seven classes. 
The last class named embraces the supervision of women's work 
throughout the State, in all its branches, both in usual and unu- 
sual lines of labor, and this class was placed unreservedly in the 
hands of the four women of the Board. We had not asked of 
our Legislature a separate appropriation for the women's work, 
but when we found that the State Board had been so generous as 
to give us so large a part of the work to do, and, moreover, had 
so divided it as to give us a distinct department, we asked the 
Board to set aside for our use a certain per cent, of the State 
appropriation. With characteristic generosity, 15 per cent, was 
placed to our credit. 

As you doubtless all know, our Legislature voted us $100,000. 
But they did more than this ; they allowed a clause in the Act 
which reads : " The Board of County Commissioners of the sev- 
eral counties in this State may make such appropriations as to 
them may seem proper, not to exceed 2 mills on the dollar on 
the assessed valuation of the taxable property of the county 
making such appropriation, for the purpose of enabling them to 
secure a proper representation of their resources, manufactures, 
products, and interests at the World's Columbian Exposition of 
1893." Of course, the counties have been asked to make an 
appropriation, and to such as comply has been given the appoint- 
ing of their own agents to collect exhibits, etc. 

In order to secure the appointment of a woman with whom the 
other women of the Commission would heartily co-operate, we 
have placed this matter before the ladies of the most populous 
town in each county of the State, we asked them to consider 



41 

the work we hope to do, as outlined in a circular letter to them, 
■and together agree upon the lady who, in their opinion, will do 
them and their county the greatest credit, then ask her ap- 
pointment of their Commission. As these appeals have been made 
to every county in the State, even where no appropriation 
has been made, an enthusiastic interest has been created among 
the women, and a local pride aroused which, we hope, will lead to 
a search for worthy exhibits. Excepting this interest, the organiz- 
ing of clubs for study, in order to fit the members for the better 
appreciation of the exhibits of the Exposition of 1893, and also 
for the gathering of information relating to the production or 
discovery of objects worthy of being sent by our State to the 
Exposition, we have as yet attempted but one collection; this is 
the gathering, arranging, and classifying of our native flora, 
which it is thought is the most varied of that of any State in the 
TJnion. It is estimated at upwards of 3,000 varieties. As our 
State covers so much territory — you may not know that we have 
four counties nearly as large as the State of Connecticut, nine- 
teen as large as Delaware, and thirty-seven as large as Rhode 
Island — and as the four women on our Board live in widely 
•separated sections, unless you outline for us a better plan, we 
will either divide the class of work given us to do into four sub- 
divisions, and each hold herself responsible for one of these 
divisions of work, or leaving the class as it now stands, as our 
State is twice as large as Illinois, dividing it into four sections, 
which will give each one of us quite enough to do, if each but 
looks after one section. 

I believe Mr. French's report covers all the rest of the ground, 
^and although I do not wish to bring up again the vexed question 
of the rights of State buildings, I would like to know, if those 
parties who contribute to the decoration of our State building 
would be allowed to sell within its walls any article, for instance 
books of native flora, photographs of scenery — provided the State 
Board was willing to allow this privilege ? 

Susan Riley Ashley, 

Denver, Colorado. 






42 

COLORADO. 

Mr. President: — I desire to supplement Mrs. Ashley's report 
with a brief statement touching our financial resources, and the 
manner of organizing for the World's Fair work in Colorado. 

To the $100,000 appropriated by the eighth General Assembly- 
of the State has been added $40,000 by county appropriations^, 
which sum, it is confidently believed, will be increased to $50,000 
by the counties yet to take action; liberal donations of money 
and material have been tendered the State Board by corporations- 
and individuals to aid in the construction of the State build- 
ing they have decided to erect; so that, from all sources, we 
expect to have in the aggregate $175,000 for World's Fair 
purposes in Colorado. 

The State Board consists of fourteen members and was or- 
ganized on the 16th of May last. Under the law creating the 
same, the Governor of the State is made President, the other 
officers being elected by the Board, and are a Vice-President,,, 
Secretary, and a Treasurer; the four officers named above consti- 
tute the Executive Committee, with authority to exercise all the 
powers of the Board when the same is not in session, and must re- 
port their proceedings in full to the meetings of the Board, wriich 
are held quarterly. The classification adopted divides the work, 
into seven departments, namely: Mines, Mining and Metallurgy^ 
Agriculture, Horticulture, Machinery, Education, Historical, and\ 
Woman's Department. 

The work of the several departments is placed in charge of at 
chief selected by the State Board, who will be assisted in the 
Mining Department by three district superintendents. The State 
having been divided into three districts, in all departments the 
chief and superintendents will be assisted by County Agents se- 
lected by the County Commissioners of the various counties, and: 
paid from the funds appropriated by them. The entire work wilt 
be superintended and directed by the State Board. 

It is the purpose of the Colorado Board to make a very full 
and complete display of the numerous and valuable resources of 



43 

the State, and they are greatly encouraged in the belief that they 
will be able to do so by the fact that the citizens representing the 
various industries are offering the most liberal encouragement 
by their aid, and preparation of exhibits. 

The newspapers of the State display a most generous encour- 
agement by full and free publication of all matters in the in- 
terests of the Fair, and the railroads are aiding us materially by 
giving a mere nominal rate for carrying service. 

O. C. French, 
Representative Colorado State Board* 

DELAWARE. 

Chicago, III., December 10, 1891. 

The representative from Delaware would respectfully report 
that the Legislature of Delaware, at its session last winter, passed 
an act creating a World's Fair Board of Managers, consisting of 
nine persons, three of whom are women and six men. 

The organization of the Board and the election of an Execu- 
tive Commissioner have been duly reported to the Director 
General, and are on record in his office. Steps were taken early 
in the summer for the location of the Delaware State Buildings 
a committee from the Board of Managers visiting Chicago in, 
June last, and after consulting with the authorities here, a site 
was selected. At the same time a plan for the proposed building: 
was submitted to the Bureau of Construction, which, through its 
suggestions, it was deemed best to modify. Our home architect 
is now at work on the modified plans and they will be ready in. 
the near future for submission to the Bureau of Construction. 

The amount of the State appropriation is $10,000, and it is 
confidently expected that this sum will be supplemented by a 
further appropriation by the legislature of 1893, sufficient in 
amount to warrant a full and creditable exhibit from the State. 

The women's work is under the control of a committee com- 
posed of the three women who are members of the State Board 
of Managers, with Mrs. Caleb Churchman, of Wilmington, as 
chairman. 



44 

Mrs. Churchman was invited by the State Board to attend 
this conference, and she is now present with a view of familiar- 
izing herself with the work in hand, in order that she and her 
co-laborers may enlist the hearty support of the women of Dela- 
ware in the World's Columbian Exposition. 

In addition to the regular representative, Messrs. Mathias T. 
Moore and Henry C. Conrad, two members of the Delaware State 
Eoard, are in attendance at this conference. 

Respectfully submitted, 

W. R. Allaband, 

Representative. 
FLORIDA. 

Chicago, III., December 10, 1891. 
Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- 
mission, Chicago. 

Sir: In compliance with resolution adopted at the confer- 
ence of yesterday, I submit my report for Florida. 

I regret to say that no appropriation was made by the 
Legislature. 

Being forced to rely upon personal efforts of our citizens, a 
convention was called at Orlando, which convened on the 8th 
of October. The convention w T as large and representative, and 
was presided over by Governor Fleming. 

At that convention, a Board of Directory for Florida was 
appointed, composed of thirteen members. The National Com- 
missioners of Florida, both men and women, were made ex-officio 
members of the State Board. Since its organization four ladies 
have been added to the Board to assist the National Lady 
Commissioners. 

Under the authority vested in the Board by the State Con- 
vention, the directory has moved forward under a plan of vol- 
untary assessments, in their endeavor to raise $100,000, and will, 
continue their efforts, I think, with success; and we hope to make 
a creditable display of Florida's wonderful resources. 

I will mention an offer made by the Board to the children 
who are regular attendants at any school in the State. 



45 

To each scholar who will collect a minimum $100 for the 
World's Fair fund, the Board issues a certificate agreeing to pay 
the expenses of the holder from Florida to Chicago and return 
and six days' board at Chicago and admission to the World's 
Fair. 

The children will go under proper chaperons. The certifi- 
cate provides for an alternate, but beyond this alternate it is 
absolutely not transferable. While the Board expect to net 
some money from this plan, the offer was the outgrowth of a 
higher motive. Besides interesting their parents, we believe the 
Fair will be the greatest educator of this generation, and a week's 
attendance will give the children more practical education than 
months at school, in addition to a lesson in patriotism. 

The children, when they return home, will send many others 
to see the great Exposition. 

Respectfully, 

W. D. Chipley, 
President Florida's World's Fair Directory. 

Report for the State of Illinois at the Conference of 
State Commissioners with the Board of Control of the 
World's Columbian Exposition. 

Chicago, December 10, 1891. 
Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President: 

In accordance with the resolution passed by the conference 
yesterday, requiring the representatives of the State Boards here 
assembled to report as to the forms of organization and the 
progress of their labors to date respectively, I have the honor to 
submit the following for the State of Illinois: 

The Illinois Board of World's Fair Commissioners is com- 
posed of the present members of the State Board of Agriculture, 
twenty-one (21) in number. 

Its officers consist of a President, Vice-President, Secretary, 
and Director-in-Chief. 

The State Government, in its municipal capacity, is itself the 



46 

only exhibitor, and I can not better or more clearly state the 
character, scope, and purpose of the proposed exhibit than to 
quote the organic act on that subject, which provides as follows: 

" The said Board of Commissioners is hereby empowered to 
obtain and cause to be properly installed in said exhibition 
building or buildings a collective, departmental exhibit for the State . 
of Illinois, which shall illustrate the natural resources of this 
State, together with the methods employed and results accom- 
plished by the State, in its municipal capacity, through its several 
departments, boards, commissions, bureaus and other agencies, 
in the work of promoting the moral, educational, and material 
welfare of its inhabitants, so far as such methods and results are 
susceptible of exhibition in the manner proposed." 

Included by special provision in this collective exhibit are: 

First. A model common school-room of high grade, fully 
■equipped and furnished, under the direction of the State Super- 
intendent of Public Instruction. 

An illustration of the methods and results of educational 
work as pursued in the State normal universities, the public, 
technical, and art schools, and the high schools of the State. 

An exhibit by the University of Illinois of the equipment, 
methods of instruction, and achievements of that institution in 
its several departments. 

An exhibit of the educational and industrial work, as con- 
ducted in the State charitable institutions. 

An exhibit illustrating the entire system of the inspection of 
the several varieties of grain, as established by the State Rail- 
road and Warehouse Commission and practiced by the State 
Grain Inspection Department. 

Second. Collections, correctly classified and labeled, illus- 
trating the natural history and archaeology of this State, includ- 
ing its stratigraphical and economic geology; its soils, subsoils 
useful clays and ores, and other products of mines and quarries; 
its botany and zoology, with the products of forests, lakes, and 
rivers; also, an exhibit, by the State Fish Commission, of native 
and cultivated live fish, with hatchery appliances, equipments for 



47 

transportation, and models of fishways in use; also, a full and 
"complete collection of all the cultivated products in the several 
^branches of agriculture, farm culture, horticulture, and floricult- 
ure, in illustration of the widely different conditions of soil and 
<climate under which rural husbandry is practiced in the various 
-sections of this State. 

Third. Architectural drawings (with elevations) of every 
public building erected and now used or maintained, in whole or 
in part, by the State, with map showing the location of each, and 
^accompanied by historical and explanatory notes and tables; 
-also maps, charts, diagrams, and tables for the State, and, so far 
-as practicable, for each county, showing its geology, distribution 
■of useful minerals, its topography, with its lakes, rivers, canals, 
-and railways, its climatic conditions, its industrial growth and 
increase in population by decades, from the date of organiza- 
tion to the year 1890, together with such other physical features 
•as possess a scientific interest or would be taken into account in 
^estimating the ability of our territory to maintain a dense 
population. 

The relation of the departments and agencies of the State 
to the work of preparation and maintenance of the exhibit is 
defined specifically as follows : 

" It is hereby made the duty of the officers of the several 
departments, boards, bureaus, and commissions in the service of 
"the Government of this State, to co-operate with the said Board 
of Commissioners in collecting and arranging for exhibition such 
material as may be available for display in illustration of the 
methods employed and results achieved in their respective lines 
of official duty, and, if so required by said Board of Commis- 
sioners, they shall furnish complete catalogues, direct the installa- 
tion, assume the immediate care while on exhibition, and cause 
the removal of their respective exhibits at the close of said 
World's Columbian Exposition, in accordance with the require- 
ments of the management of the same. The said Board of Com- 
missioners is also hereby authorized to accept loans or donations 
-and, with the approval of the Governor, to acquire, by purchase, 



48 

for the State, specimens and material, if deemed necessary, to 
supplement any of the said departmental exhibits. 

" Consent of the General Assembly is also given that there may 
be placed on exhibition, as part of said collective exhibit, in a suit- 
able fire-proof structure to be erected for the purpose, such relics, 
and trophies belonging to, and in custody of, the State, as the 
Governor may designate; the same to be and remain at all times* 
during their removal, while on exhibition, and during their re- 
turn to their present depository, in the sole care and charge of 
their official custodian." 

The amount appropriated to the Board is $720,000, of 
which they are instructed to devote the sum of $40,000, to the 
encouragement of an exhibit of live stock owned in the State of 
Illinois. Of this sum, the Board is simply the disbursing agent 
upon whatever basis may seem to itself the most efficient and 
equitable. 

It will be observed that, with a single exception, the work ta 
be performed, the chief agencies to be employed, and the duties, 
to be discharged do not touch or relate to the private personal 
interest of any individual citizen. 

The considerations which served to determine our General 
Assembly to provide for an exhibit of the character proposed are:: 

1. The chief significance and practical value of the Columbian 
Exposition will be found in the opportunity it will afford for 
comparison of National progress, su'ch comparison necessarily in- 
volving a searching inquiry as to the proper forms and functions- 
of government. 

2. It was deemed essential to the completeness of this important 
international event that some State of the " great republic " should 
do what is here proposed for Illinois, in illustration of the func- 
tions of a government under the republican form guaranteed to 
every State by our Federal Constitution. 

3. By reason of the great honor conferred upon her by the 
location of the Exposition, the educational and financial benefits 
which her citizens must reap in greater measure and at less cost 
than those of any other, the obligation resting upon the State of 



49 

Illinois was easily recognized and cheerfully acknowledged by 
the necessary legislation. 

The plans for making the collection have been practically 
arranged; the work of preparation in the several departments has 
fairly begun; the apportionment of the funds to the respective 
sections of the exhibit has been substantially made; the contract 
for the construction of the State building, with its completion 
limited to October 10, 1892, has been executed; and if the collec- 
tive exhibit shall be installed as contemplated, it will present to 
the observer an illustration of the natural resources and condi- 
tions for human life as fixed in permanency upon the territory of 
Illinois, and also of the methods and achievements of the various 
agencies in the service of the State Government in promoting the 
moral, educational, and material welfare of our citizens. 

The Illinois Woman's Exposition Board. 

In the same Act of the General Assembly which created the 
Illinois Board of World's Fair Commissioners, provision is made 
for the organization of the Illinois Woman's Exposition Board — 
which is also represented in this conference — whose specific duty 
is to secure the representation of the industries of the women of 
the State of Illinois at the World's Columbian Exposition. 

There is not any legal official connection between these two 
Boards. Their paths and administrations are radically distinct, 
as will doubtless appear from their reports to this conference; 
and I mention the latter only to say that, so far as my infor- 
mation extends, there is a widely entertained opinion among our 
citizens that the exhibit secured by them should be installed in 
the State building, and that, in recognition of such opinion, and 
at their request, one-tenth of the exposition space in that build- 
ing has been placed at their disposal by unanimous vote of the 
other Board, subject, of course, to the desired approval of the 
higher authorities. Respectfully submitted, 

John P. Reynolds, 

Director-in- Chief, 
Illinois Board, World 's Fair Commissioners. 
4 



50 

Gentlemen of the Board of Control: 

In responding for the Illinois Woman's Exposition Board, I 
can not report the work in so advanced a condition as it would 
please us all to have it. We have, however, been diligently look- 
ing over the field, and are gradually maturing plans for the dis- 
play of the skill and the industries of the women of Illinois, 
which we believe will result in a showing creditable to our sex, 
and which may surprise those who do not know in what a variety 
of callings women now work and succeed. 

Some question has arisen as to our right to exhibit manufact- 
ured articles and processes in the Illinois State Building, where 
space has already been assigned us, and it is desirable that we 
have such interpretation of the rules made by the Board of 
Directors of the Fair as shall set all questions of this kind at 
rest. I therefore improve this occasion to call your attention 
particularly to this subject. 

The w r ork of the Illinois Woman's Exposition Board is to 
appropriately represent the industries of the women of the State 
of Illinois at the great Exposition. The ladies composing the 
Board of which I am the President understand the statute to 
mean that they are to make a collective display of the industries, 
skill, and work of the women of the State, and they understand 
it is for this purpose particularly that the law allows them the 
$80,000 now at their disposal. We understand further that, in a 
general way, the entire exhibit from Illinois is under the control 
of the Board of Illinois World's Fair Commissioners, which 
Board is provided for, and its duties defined, by the same Act of 
the Legislature which creates the Illinois Woman's Exposition 
Board. The law says, this Illinois Board of Commissioners 
" shall exercise the general management, control, and supervision 
of all matters pertaining to the grounds, structures, and exhibits of 
the State of Illinois at the World's Columbian Exposition," etc. 
This Board of Commissioners have accordingly set apart to the 
Illinois Woman's Exposition Board one-tenth of the space in the 
large and elegant building which they are constructing, in which 



51 

space it is intended we shall make a display of woman's 
industries and work. 

Now, we have heard some question has arisen as to whether 
the rules and regulations of the Board of Directors, or of the 
Board of Control, will permit us to display the industries and^ 
•skill of the women of Illinois in this State building. It is 
thought by some that such a display in that place will be in con- 
flict with the rule of the Directors which prohibits the exhibition 
of manufactured articles in a State building. It is sincerely 
hoped by the members of the Woman's Board of Illinois that no 
such rigid construction will be put upon the rule referred to, or 
•else that the rule itself may be changed to admit of our display- 
ing the skill, and work, and industry of Illinois women in the 
manner that it was intended by the law-makers they should be 
displayed, and in the manner that it is desired by both the 
Boards of Illinois to have the work done. 

I will further say in this connection that it is not the purpose 
of the Illinois Woman's Board to display manufactured articles 
strictly as manufactured articles. They do, however, desire to 
make whatever displays may be necessary in order to show the 
art, the skill, the handicraft, and the industries of the women of 
this State, and unless they are permitted to do this, it is not 
apparent how the purpose of the statute, creating the Board, can 
be carried out, or how the appropriation at the disposal of the 
Board can be expended, consistently with the chief object in 
view. 

The women of Illinois have done creditable work in dentistry, 
in pharmacy, in the fine arts, in the learned professions, in sani- 
tary science, and in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits. As 
physicians, surgeons, and nurses, they now take a prominent place. 
Women have, in short, done work worthy to be exhibited in most 
departments of human activity, and the work of woman's hand 
and brain in its complete state represents, of course, in most 
cases, what might, in one sense of the term, be called manufact- 
ured articles. Yet we can not believe it is intended to exclude 
manufactured articles in the sense here stated from a place in the 



52 

State Building of Illinois. In this State building it is expected 
and desired that the collective display of the work and industries 
of Illinois women will be exhibited. It is even seriously ques- 
tioned by many whether the Illinois Woman's Board has any 
power or authority to make such a collective display elsewhere 
than in the State building, and among those who take this view 
are found the men who were most active in securing the passage 
of the statute which provides for a woman's display. 

Of course I do not mean by this to be understood as saying 
that exhibits and displays in other appropriate Departments of 
the Fair by Illinois women are not to be encouraged, or even that 
they are not to be pecuniarily supported by the Illinois Woman's 
Board. It is now expected that we shall assist women to exhibit, 
where we deem the subject of exhibition a proper one, in other 
places than the collective State exhibit which it is desired shall be 
located in the Illinois State Building. Passing over, for the pres- 
ent, exhibits of this kind which are to be entered for competition 
and prizes, I, for the present, deem it important to call the par- 
ticular attention of this Board to the matter of the Illinois 
Women's collective display. I voice the sentiment of the entire 
Board in expressing the hope that we may forthwith have such 
an understanding in regard to this subject as will enable us to go 
forward in our work with a certainty that the plans we make will 
not be thwarted by any rules of this Board or of the Board of 
Directors, or by any construction that may be put upon the rules 
now in existence, adopted for the government of the Fair. 

Frances B. Phillips, 
President Illinois Woman s Exposition Board, 

Indiana Executive Commissioners' Report. 

Mr. President, Ladies, and Gentlemen of the Confer- 
ence: In compliance with the resolution under which we have 
assembled, I submit the following: 

The law creating the Board of World's Fair Managers for 
Indiana was passed by the Indiana Legislature in March, 1S91. 



53 

The amount of our appropriation was made, in the sum of 
$75,000. The Board consists of thirteen Commissioners from 
each of the two leading political parties, making twenty-six; 
the Governor, the four National Commissioners and their alter- 
nates, the State Geologist, State Statistician, and the President 
of the State Agricultural Society. The officers are as follows: 
President, Clem Studebaker, South Bend, Ind.; Vice-President, 
Charles B. Stuart, LaFayette, Ind.; Secretary, Wm. T. Noble, 
Indianapolis, Ind.; Treasurer, Frederick J. Hayden, Fort Wayne, 
Ind.; Executive Commissioner, B. F. Havens, Terre Haute, Ind., 
making thirty-eight members in all, on our Board. We have a 
lady member on each committee, and one committee composed 
wholly of lady members. We have no Board of Lady Mana- 
gers, exclusively. 

The Board was organized in May, 1891, by the election of the 
four officers first named. At this meeting, the manner of pro- 
cedure by the Board to make the best exhibit possible at the Expo- 
sition, was carefully canvassed, and resulted in creating a system 
of departments largely similar to those of the World's Columbian 
Commission. 

These departments are as follows: Department A — Agricul- 
ture, food and food products, farming machinery and appliances, 
horticulture, viticulture, and floriculture. Department B — Live 
stock of every kind and description, including domestic and 
wild animals, fish and fish culture. Department C — Manufact- 
ures and machinery, including electricity and electrical 
appliances. Department D — State Building and building mate- 
rials, including forestry and forest produce. Department E — 
Mines, mining, and metallurgy, including the stone, coal, clay, 
kaolin, and cement, in raw and manufactured state, and natural 
gas. Department F — Education, liberal, fine, and decorative arts, 
and associated charities, including a full display of our common- 
school system and our public and private benevolent institutions. 

These committees have complete and full charge of directing 
the work in their departments, and are held responsible there- 
for by the Board. 



54 



Committee on Woman's Work. 

This committee consists of all the lady members of our 
Board. They have entire charge of everything relating to 
women's work, in our State, pertaining to the securing of a 
creditable exhibit of everything relating to women's work from - 
Indiana. 

An Executive Commissioner was elected in September. 

The Board from our State commenced work at once. The 
site for the Indiana Building was promptly secured by Judge 
Martindale. Plans for a handsome social club-house and recep- 
tion rooms have been adopted and the contract to build the 
building will be let February 4, 1892, in which many exhibits 
illustrative of Indiana's growth in every department will be made 
under the rules of the World's Columbian Commission. It is 
expected that this building will cost about $35,000, and it is in- 
tended to make the building an elaborate exhibit and display of 
Indiana's best building material. 

Applications for space have been sent to all manufacturing 
institutions in our State. These applications have been sent out 
in duplicate, and, when returned, one will be filed with our Board 
and the other forwarded to the Director General at Chicago for 
his action thereon. 

Our Board has already arranged for Indiana furnishing her 
quota of natural forest trees, nine in number, with other material 
to go into the construction of the Forestry Building at the Ex- 
position, and other material for this building. 

A concluding and further report will be made from the Com- 
mittees on Education and Women's Work, by the Chairman of the 
Committee on Women's Work, Mrs. May Wright Sewall, of 
Indianapolis. Respectfully submitted, 

B. F. Havens, 

Executive Commissioner. 
One of the Committee. 



55 

Indiana Woman's Committee Report. 

The Educational Committee is organized under four depart- 
ments; or rather to it is assigned a fourfold task: 

First. It is to collect and arrange for the Exposition such 
materials as are necessary to show the development of education 
in our State, through all its grades, from the kindergarten to 
and including the university. The two lines along which the 
system has developed, the material and the intellectual, will be 
kept in view; to show the material, plans and examples of 
school buildings, appliances, apparatus, and furniture will be 
shown; while the intellectual growth will be presented by means 
of charts, tables, and monographs, and by a display of the work 
actually done at the present time. 

Second. This committee is to present the charitable, philan- 
thropic, reformatory, and penal institutions of the State, and the 
work done by them, through photographs, reports, and mono- 
graphs. 

Third. To show the development of the Fine Arts and of 
Decorative Art, and the present state of these arts in Indiana, is 
also assigned to the Committee on Education, which is, more- 
over, fourth, and finally, charged with preparing an exhibit of the 
achievements of Indiana in literature and in journalism, and of 
submitting, with this exhibit, a monograph on the literary devel- 
opment of the State. 

This committee has an agent who is a paid officer of the 
State Commission. The Committee on Education has volun- 
tarily assumed the burden of raising, by subscription, moneys to 
assist in carrying on its work. The scheme of what is called 
the "Penny. Fund" originated with Mrs. Harrell, a member of 
the committee. Briefly, the plan is this: 

With the approval of the State Superintendent of Public In- 
struction, all schools in the State have been asked to take up a 
collection on a certain day, the same day being everywhere 
observed. It is intended that to this collection every pupil reg- 
istered in any school in the State shall contribute i cent; every 
teacher, 10 cents; every principal of a school, 25 cents; each 



56 

superintendent of a system of schools, 50 cents; and every school 
officer, $1. 

The first collection has been taken, and from the returns 
already received (the date of the collection was the third Friday 
in November) it is inferred that it will amount to nearly $8,000. 

The day set apart for the collection of the Penny Fund is 
called " Exposition Day," and in order to make the preparation 
for the collection educational, the committee directed one of its 
members, Mrs. Sewall, to prepare a programme to be rendered 
by all the schools of the State on the same date. Out of this 
will probably develop the celebration in our schools of a series 
of Exposition Days during the current school year and that of 
1892 and 1893. The primary object of these fetes is to increase 
the time given to the study of American history in schools of all 
grades, and to stimulate the sentiment of patriotism among the 
children and young people. An article setting forth the plan of 
Exposition Day, and containing materials for programmes, etc., 
will appear in the December number of the Journal of Education 
of Indiana. 

The special committee, called Committee on Women's Work, 
includes the nine women in our State Commission, viz.: the five 
directly appointed by the Governor as regular members of our 
State Commission, and the two members from Indiana on the 
Board of Lady Managers, with their alternates. 

The committee is organized with Chairman and Secretary. 
The work it has undertaken is to see that the work done by the 
other committees, the industrial activity of Indiana women, shall 
obtain full recognition; to ascertain the number of industries in 
which women in our State are engaged, and the number of women 
engaged in each; to ascertain the number of women who are 
proprietors of business enterprises. It is the purpose of this 
committee to have statistical charts, which will set forth the 
present industrial and pecuniary condition of the women of our 
State, hung on the walls of the Indiana Building. 

The Woman's Committee, in response to the request of Mrs. 
Palmer that the women of every State shall make some contri- 



57 

foution to the interior finishing or furnishing of the Woman's 
Building in Jackson Park, have asked the privilege of being 
charged with one room in that building. 

The Women's Committee have also undertaken to take charge 
of the finishing and furnishing of the apartments in the Indiana 
State Building, set apart for their use, and our plans include 
having all the furniture in these rooms made after designs fur- 
nished by our women and in great degree made by women. 

It is probably considered by the men of our commission that 
the most important function of our committee is to arouse 
interest and inspire enthusiasm in the Columbian Exposition. 
In reaching the people of all localities, our committee will avail 
itself of the agency of communication furnished by the women's 
clubs of the State, and by the farmers' and teachers' institutes. 

Our circulars of information and circulars of appeal (in gene- 
ral already approved by the commission) are not yet issued, and 
will not be issued until after the next meeting of the State Com- 
mission, which is set for February 4th. 

Perhaps the committee considers that one of the most im- 
portant features of its work is preparing for exhibition the con- 
tribution made to the development of our State in philanthropy 
reform, and social culture, through the organized effort of women. 

Respectfully submitted by 

May Wright Sewall, 
Chairman of Committee on Women's Work, 

for the Indiana State Commission. 

IOWA. 
'To Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President of the World's Colum 
Man Commission : 
In response to the resolution of this conference, calling upon 
the representatives of the respective State Boards of Columbian 
Commissioners to report the action already taken in World's 
Fair matters in the States they represent, the undersigned, repre- 
senting the Iowa Columbian Commission, respectfully submits 
the following : 



58 

The General Assembly of Iowa holds only biennial sessions,, 
and, being about to adjourn, by an Act approved April 15, 1890,, 
entitled " An Act to provide for a creditable exhibit of the 
resources of the State of Iowa in the Columbian Exposition or 
the World's Fair, to be held in Chicago," set forth the following: 
preamble : 

" Whereas, Congress is now considering, and the House of 
Representatives has already passed, a bill providing for a World's- 
Fair, to be known as the Columbian Exposition, and held at Chi- 
cago during 1892 or 1893," and, to be in time, the Act provided 
for the appointment of an Iowa Columbian Commission of 
eleven members, one from each congressional district of the 
State, and appropriated the sum of $50,000. But, in case the 
Exposition be not held before 1893, not more than 10 per cent, 
of that sum should be drawn from the State Treasury before the 
convening of the Twenty-fourth General Assembly, and the 
remainder covered back into the Treasury ; and the subject of 
further appropriations should be referred to the next General 
Assembly, which convenes in January, 1892, leaving only $5,ooo> 
available before that time. 

Pursuant to this law, the Executive Council of the State 
appointed eleven Commissioners, who met at the Capitol and 
organized on the second day of September, 1890. 

The following is a corrected list of members and officers of 
the Iowa Columbian Commission, as "at present existing: 

First district, Theo. Guelich, Burlington; second district,. 
H. W. Seaman, Clinton; third district, F. N. Chase, Cedar Falls; 
fourth district, James O. Crosby, Garnavillo; fifth district, S. B. 
Packard, Marshalltown; sixth district, J. W. Jarnagin, Monte- 
zuma; seventh district, Henry Stivers, Des Moines; eighth dis- 
trict, S. H. Mallory, Chariton; ninth district, Charles Ashton,. 
Guthrie Center; tenth district, John F. Duncombe, Fort Dodge; 
eleventh district, William Hamilton Dent, Le Mars. 

Officers and Committees — Vice-President and Acting Presi- 
dent, James O. Crosby; Treasurer, William Hamilton Dent; Sec- 
retary, F. N. Chase. 



59 

Executive Committee — S. H. Mallory, J. W. Jarnagin, John 
F. Duncombe. 

Committee on Rules and Plans— H. W. Seaman, Charles 
Ashton, James O. Crosby. 

Auditing Committee — Henry Stivers, James O. Crosby, S. B. 
Packard. 

President Johnston, member from first district, died at his 
home in Keokuk, May 17, 1891. 

James Wilson, of fifth district, resigned, January, 1891. 

The Commission has held six sessions, and adopted rules of 
order; and, from time to time, has adopted reports of its Commit- 
tee on Plans for the formation of a State exhibit, as follows: 

1. Each member of the Commission was required to ascer- 
tain and report the agricultural, industrial, mechanical, educa- 
tional, and other resources and advantages of the congressional 
district of his residence, that are worthy of being represented at 
the Columbian Exposition. 

2. That provision be made for assisting all individual exhib- 
itors of the State in the transportation of their exhibits to the 
Exposition and return, and, upon their arrival, that a competent 
person shall be in attendance at Chicago, to give full information 
and assist in seeing to their proper location, according to classifi- 
cation and allotted space. 

3. There shall be prepared, under the supervision of the 
Superintendent of Public Instruction, an Educational exhibit of 
the State University, State Agricultural College, all colleges and 
academies, all high schools, all normal schools and State 
teachers' associations. And there shall be a State map show- 
ing the location of each school-house in the State. 

4. That statistical charts be prepared of all State institu- 
tions, showing their history and extent, with full statements of 
their management. 

5. That Ottumwa be requested to furnish a model of its Coal 
Palace, Creston of its Grass Palace, Sioux City of its Corn Pal- 
ace, and Forest City of its Flax Palace. 



60 

6. That an exhibit of soils to the depth of five to six inches 
be prepared to show as it is in place, and to be taken from differ- 
ent counties, so as to fairly show the soil of different localities 
throughout the State. 

7. A geological map, or set of maps, after the model in 
u White's Report of the Geology of Iowa," vol. 1, page 33. Being 
a series of maps so constructed and placed, one over the other, 
that, by cutting out parts, will show at a glance the geological 
period exposed at the surface throughout the different sections 
of the State. 

8. A collection of specimens illustrating the geology and 
mineralogy of Iowa, as they occur in place, from the Lower Silu- 
rian to the Cretaceous, capped by the upheaval of the Sioux 
quartzite. To be laid up in relative proportions in twelve wooden 
cases, 10x12 feet square, six feet high, with glass fronts; each 
classification to be labeled, and with a statement of its average 
thickness. 

9. That the proprietors of each working quarry of building 
stone be requested to furnish a sample of his quarry, in form of 
a twelve-inch cube, with different dress for each face, but one 
face left to show its clearage. 

10. That a collection be made of all the known varieties of 
grasses in the State, both wild and cultivated, and artistically 
arranged for an exhibit. 

11. That the State Horticultural Society be invited to pre- 
pare an exhibit that shall worthily represent the horticultural 
products of the State. 

12. That the State Agricultural Society be invited to pre- 
pare a like exhibit of agricultural products. 

13. That the State Historical Society be invited to make an 
exhibit, by means of charts and publications, of the history and 
growth of the State. 

14. That the State Fish Commission be invited to present 
an exhibit showing the growth of pisciculture in the State. 



61 

15. A committee has been appointed to gather complete 
statistics showing in full the number of periodical publications 
in the State, the frequency of their publication, and whether 
political, religious, scientific, or professional, and the circulation 
of each; and it was resolved that a room be provided exhibiting 
them all at the Iowa headquarters, with accommodations for the 
members of the State Press Association. 

16. A committee has been appointed to gather statistics of 
the religious interests of the State, to wit: the names of the 
religious denominations within the several counties, the number 
of church buildings and parsonages, and their value, the number 
of denominational schools, and the value of buildings and 
endowments, number of students, number of ministers and 
church members, number of Sabbath schools, officers, teachers,, 
and scholars, volumes in library, etc. 

The Secretary was appointed as general promoter of the in- 
terests of the Iowa State exhibit among the people of the State, 
and during the present year has devoted his time almost 
exclusively to the work. 

A small building was erected by the Commission on the 
grounds of the State Agricultural Fair, for use as headquarters 
in 1891 and 1892, and during the last September fair was in charge 
of a committee that distribute a large amount of World's Fair 
literature of our own publication, as well as that received from 
the Department of Promotion and Publicity of the National 
Commission. 

Shortly after the proclamation was issued by the President 
of the United States through the Department of State, our 
Commission issued an address to the people of the State of Iowa, 
which was sent to all the newspapers of the State, with a 
request for its publication, and it was very generally published. 

Second only to the State of Illinois, Iowa made application for 
a site upon which to erect a State building, and a location was 
assigned to her on the 13th of February, 1891, by the Committee 
on Grounds and Buildings. 



62 

H. W. Seaman, Esq., was appointed to advertise for plans of 
State Buildings, and nine competitive plans were presented, 
induced by the announcement that, upon the selection of one by 
the Commission, its author would be chosen upon the usual terms 
to superintend its construction. 

Arrangements have been made by which parties are now 
engaged in making, in the best style of the photographic art, 
views of each county in the State, including scenery along the 
rivers and railroads, the homes, school-houses, colleges, churches, 
public buildings, buildings of interest and manufacturing indus- 
tries, averaging about seventy views in each county, together 
with the State buildings. It is designed to "decorate" the State 
building with about 7,000 of these views. 

Each of the three political parties, holding State conven- 
tions, adopted a resolution favoring " a hearty co-operation by 
the people and a liberal appropriation by the next General 
Assembly, in order that the State may creditably exhibit her 
resources at the great gathering of the nations of the world." 

Our Executive Committee is now engaged in preparing a 
detailed statement of the amount of the appropriation that will 
be needed to enable the Commission to make such an exhibit as 
will worthily represent Iowa among the States of the Union, 
and help to augment our national exhibit in its comparison with 
other nations. u ' 

Such detailed estimate, when adopted, will form part of our 
report to be presented to the next General Assembly. 

James O. Crosby, 
Representing Ioiva Columbian Commission. 

KENTUCKY. 

Mr. President, Madame President: The Legislature of 
Kentucky, meeting only on alternate years, has not convened since 
the Exposition became an assured fact, consequently the State 
having had no opportunity to make an appropriation or appoint 
a commission, they can, therefore, send no formal report of 
accomplished work. 



63 

There is, however, no lack of strong, active interest in the 
Exposition, and there are encouraging indications that the 
present Legislature will be generous in its provision for an 
♦exhibit of the State's great resources at the Exposition. An 
•enthusiastic meeting, touching our representation at the World's 
Fair, was recently held by the Commercial Club, of Louisville, 
which is the most important association of the character in 
Kentucky. 

The National Commissioners and the Lady Managers of the 
State have done everything in their power to promote the enter- 
prise, and are at present directing a united effort toward 
securing favorable legislation. 

Nancy Huston Banks. 

KANSAS. 
Thomas W. Palmer, President National Commission World's 
Columbian Exposition, Chicago, 111. 
Sir: In compliance with the request for a statement of the 
progress made in the different States, as representative of the 
Board of Managers Kansas Exhibit, I beg leave to submit the 
following report: 

A meeting called by the State Board of Agriculture convened 
-and was held in the city of Topeka on the 23d and 24th days of 
April, 1891, for the purpose of devising plans to have Kansas 
properly represented at the World's Columbian Exposition at 
Chicago in 1893. A committee consisting of twenty-one mem- 
bers was elected and organized as a Bureau of Promotion, and 
vested with general authority to perform every service necessary 
to accomplish this purpose. They decided that a creditable 
exhibit of the products and resources of the State would require 
the expenditure of the sum of one hundred thousand dollars, 
and counties and railroad companies were asked to contribute 
such portion of this sum as the assessed value of their property 
bears to the assessed value of the property of the State. The 
response to this call was liberal, and, on the 16th day of Septem- 
ber a convention, composed of delegates representing subscrip- 



64 

tions to the fund, assembled in the City of Topeka and elected a 
permanent Board of Managers, composed of nine men and two 
women. The Board of Managers organized at once and con- 
tinued the work begun by the Board of Promotion. Their plan 
is to form county Columbian Associations in every county in the 
State, and have them continue in existence until the close of the 
Exposition. These county organizations will collect necessary 
funds, and collect products and materials, and co-operate in every 
possible way with the Board of Managers in making a complete 
exhibit of the products, resources, and progress of the State. 
The members of the Board are now engaged in organizing 
county associations, and are meeting with success. Railroad 
companies and county associations representing one-half of the 
required one hundred thousand dollars, have responded with the 
first installment of their allotment of funds, and the work will 
continue until the companies and counties are all interested in 
the exhibit. Our county associations will encourage effort and 
stir up a general interest in the enterprise. Kansas will come to 
Chicago fully prepared to meet competition. 

Respectfully submitted, 

A. S. Johnson, 

Representative. 

MAINE. 
To Hon. Geo. R. Davis, Director General World's Columbia?v 
Exposition: 

Sir: I have the honor, as representing the Maine Board of 
World's Fair Managers, to state that the Act of the Maine Legis- 
lature, creating the Board, appropriated $40,000 for its use, 
$10,000 of which must be used for erecting a State building. Sev- 
eral plans for this building are now under consideration and will 
be acted upon early in January. A copy of the Act of the Maine 
Legislature is attached to this report. Nothing further has been 
done under the State Act, except to elect officers of the Board, a 
list of which is hereto attached. Immediately after January, 
active measures will be taken to solicit exhibits. 

The State Board is made up of eight members, four men and 



65 

four women, appointed by the Governor, with the members (and 
their alternates) of the National Board resident within the State 
as ex-officio members. The Executive Commissioner is a mem- 
ber of the State Board and is elected by the Board. 

Charles P. Mattocks, 
Representative Maine Board of W or la's Fair Managers. 

MASSACHUSETTS. 

The Massachusetts Board of Managers of the World's 
Columbian Exposition consists of hvt members, three men and 
two women. Its only organization is as follows: A Chairman 
and a Secretary who together form the Executive Committee of 
the Board. The Secretary is also the Executive Commissioner 
of the State, being appointed by the Board. 

Our State appropriation is $75,000, of which $10,000 is 
specifically set apart for education. 

Our Board conceives it to be its duty to solicit and obtain 
such exhibits from the State as shall best and most creditably 
show its natural resources and its material development in the 
several departments for which provisions have been made by the 
Chicago management. 

The Board is further of the opinion that not only should 
such powers be given to the State Boards, but that they should 
be held to a strict accountability for the exhibits of their several 
States. 

The. only exhibit which it is designed to hold in the State 
Building is one which shall have for its object a consecutive and 
chronological history of the State, by the use of portraits of 
eminent citizens from the early settlers to the present time, as 
well as by maps, charts, and relics of colonial and revolutionary 
interest. The Board is doing what it can to popularize the 
Exposition by the use of circulars, personal interviews, and by 
a close cooperation with the many Boards of Trade and other 
mercantile associations to be found within our State. 

The Board has had plans for the State Building prepared and 
has accepted the same. It is expected that the work upon this 
building will be commenced at an early day, and that nothing 



66 

will prevent its completion by October 12, 1892, the day set 
apart for the dedicatory ceremonies. The sum of $35,000 has 
been appropriated for this purpose, and it is the intention of the 
Board to erect a substantial building which shall externally, as 
well as by its internal furnishings, reflect credit upon the history 
and dignity of the commonwealth and serve in some degree, at 
least, to harmonize with the artistic conception of the architects 
and landscape gardens. 

John W. Corcoran, Chairman. 

E. C. Hovey, Exposition Commissioner. 

MICHIGAN. 
Report of I. M. Weston, President of the Board of 

World's Fair Managers of the State of Michigan. 

December 10, 1891. 

Mr. President: The Legislature of Michigan appropriated 
$100,000 for World's Fair purposes, and provided for a Board of 
Managers, to consist of four men, two women, and the Governor 
(ex-officio), with a salaried Secretary. 

The first meeting, held August 5th, elected officers and 
appointed a Committee on By-Laws and Rules. 

The next meeting was at Chicago the following week, when a 
site for a State building was accepted, a committee appointed to 
report building plans, and an appropriation of $20,000 made for 
construction. 

At the September meeting, by-laws and rules were adopted, 
an Executive Committee of three was appointed, and quarterly 
meetings of the full Board provided for. The plan adopted for 
organizing the State, called for an auxiliary committee in every 
county, and special committees from the State at large for the 
leading classes of exhibitors. The county committees consist of 
three members, with one additional for each 10,000 inhabitants 
above the first 10,000. The work of the Board was divided into 
seven divisions, one of which was assigned to each member. 

At the October meeting most of the committees were 
appointed, and each member of the Board was requested to 
make a careful estimate of the amount of financial aid required 



67 

for the various class of exhibits, and report the same for consid- 
eration at the January meeting. 

The lady members of the Board presented a draft of an 
address to the women of the State on their work, which was 
approved and ordered printed and distributed. 

The lady members were also requested to prepare a plan of 
organization for the work of making a creditable Michigan 
exhibit in the Woman's Building. 

Our plan called for the appointing of about 400 busy men 
and women on committees, yet the interest in the Fair is so 
great that nearly every nominee has accepted and is working 
with a will for success. 

We commenced by soliciting exhibits, but during the past 
few weeks our principal work has been to hold back and restrict 
applications, as we find Michigan would gladly fill four times the 
space we can obtain. 

In my own city there are forty-two large furniture factories, 
and nearly every one of them would send a train-load of goods, 
if you could take care of them. 

Our farmers are thoroughly aroused and will make a great 
display. In the way of a fruit exhibit, we expect to repeat what 
we did at Philadelphia in 1876, viz.: beat the world. 

Our mineral contributions will be in keeping with a State 
which leads all others in iron ore, salt, and gypsum, and is sec- 
ond, if not first, in copper. 

As is well known, Michigan is the greatest lumbering State in 
the Union and will make a grand exhibition of forestry products. 

Our fishery exhibit will also be interesting and extensive, 
and our specimens of manufactured goods will surpass most of 
the States in variety and extent. 

Our educational institutions, headed by our grand State 
University, the largest in the United States, are already actively 
at work, and will make a fine showing. 

I think I am safe in saying that among the States Michigan 
will rank next to Illinois in the quantity and quality of her exhibit 
at Chicago in 1893. I. M. WESTON, 

President, 



68 

MINNESOTA. 

The Legislature of Minnesota, in the winter of 1890 and 
1 89 1, agreeable to an Act of Congress, passed a law for the 
appointment of a Board of World's Fair Managers for Minne- 
sota, said Commission to consist of six members, two from each 
of the political parties — Democrat, Alliance, and Republican. 
The members of the National Commission, together with the 
Governor, to be members ex-officio of the State Board. The law 
creating such Commission provides that no member thereof shall 
receive compensation for services or expenses, making their labor 
one of pure patriotism. An officer termed Superintendent of 
Exhibit was provided for in the Act, and such officer was chosen 
and is now engaged in the work under his charge. The appro- 
priation made by the Legislature for making an exhibit of the 
resources and products of Minnesota, was limited to $50,000, 
which, in the estimation of the State Board, after a review and 
careful consideration of the situation, was deemed entirely 
inadequate for the purposes; and to the end that a larger fund 
might be secured, steps were taken, and an appeal made to the 
people of the State, asking for $100, 000 additional. The method 
inaugurated for securing this sum is by apportioning among the 
various counties of the State an amount equal to 17-100 of a 
mill on the dollar of assessed valuation, as returned by the 
various assessors in 1890, leaving to each county to provide such 
ways and means for raising its apportionment as might seem 
most speedy and judicious. This work was begun about five 
weeks since, and we have now half of the counties of the State 
that have either raised the amount apportioned or have com- 
mittees appointed, who are at work, and give every assurance that 
the amount will be raised. With this money at hand, making a 
total of $150,000, Minnesota will be enabled to present her 
interests at the great Exposition of 1893 in a manner entirely 
creditable to her. Owing to the uncertainty as to what amount 
of money would be at the disposal of the Board up to this date, 
that body has deemed it expedient not to give publicity to a 
plan for an exhibit until such period as the monetary considera- 



69 

tion might be settled; hence, in this particular, I have nothing to 
offer that could be of any value to this meeting. 

There is no provision in our legislative enactment providing 
for the selection of a Board of Lady Managers, and no authority 
given for the setting aside of a sum for aiding the Woman's 
Department. Minnesota is, however, extremely fortunate in 
having very excellent and enthusiastic lady representatives on 
the National Board, and the State Board of Managers will, no 
doubt, afford these good ladies all the assistance in their power 
to aid them in the work of their department. If $ 100,000 shall 
be raised as above referred to, at least $5,000 thereof will be 
devoted to the uses and purposes of the Woman's Department, 
and will be expended under the direction of the Lady Commis- 
sioners on the National Board. Should this sum be insufficient 
for the purpose, woman's acuteness for devising ways and means 
to relieve such embarrassment may be relied upon to furnish a 
remedy. Respectfully submitted, 

L. P. Hunt, 

Superintendent State Exhibit. 

MISSOURI. 

Mr. President : The Missouri Board of World's Fair Com- 
missioners is the creation of an Act of the Missouri Legislature, 
composed of seven appointees of the Governor of the State. 
The appropriation is $150,000. The Board has one salaried 
agent — an Executive Commissioner. It has an Auxiliary Board 
of ladies, which has control of the work in which women will 
participate at the Exposition. 

The Missouri Board was organized August 7th, and since 
that time has met monthly in different parts of the State to 
arouse popular interest in the Exposition. This plan has created 
the greatest possible enthusiasm. The office of the President is 
at Sedalia. The headquarters of the Board, at Kansas City, 
is joined by direct telephone connection with that of the Presi- 
dent, 125 miles away. The office of the Vice-President is at 
St. Louis, as is that of the Executive Commission. The head- 



70 

quarters of the Ladies' Auxiliary is at St. Joe, Mo. The work 
has progressed very rapidly. 

Missouri has regularly organized associations of agriculture, 
horticulture, live stock, and others; these, with the State Bureaus 
representing other of her interests, are ail actively engaged in 
the work ; but now this work has come to a complete standstill 
owing to the delay in fixing the site for Missouri Building to 
which, in justice and fairness, she is entitled. Whatever may be 
done in the direction of continuing of the work, hereafter, will 
depend entirely on the prompt action of the properly constituted 
authorities here. Respectfully, 

Mathew Frank. 

MONTANA. 

To the President of the World's Columbian Commission: 

In compliance with the resolution adopted requesting the 
representatives of the different State Boards to report the prog- 
ress made in furtherance of the World's Exposition, as the repre- 
sentative of the State of Montana I have to report that the 
State Board of Managers have organized in conformity with the 
law of the State, and have appointed committees representing 
the leading industries of the State, with directions to gather 
statistical and other information showing the development, 
progress, and resources of the State. It is too early to state 
definitely what has yet been accomplished, but these committees 
will no doubt, at the proper time, present full reports, showing 
the development, progress, and resources of the State, and 
especially present accurate and full details of its great mineral 
wealth. 

The collection of exhibits is in the hands of an Executive 
Commissioner, who, with a corps of assistants has already 
begun the work of collecting exhibits. It is confidently believed 
that in many of the cereals Montana will rank with any of the 
other States; while in the extent and variety of her mineral 
exhibits she will surpass any of them. 

The amount appropriated by the State for the Columbian 
Exposition is $50,000. This; sum is inadequate to make as 



71 

complete an exhibit as would be desirable, and pay the necessary 
expenses incident thereto. It will be for the next Legislature of 
the State, which will meet in January, 1893, to decide whether an 
additional appropriation shall be made. 

A matter in which the State Board of Montana, and many 
others, feel much interest, is the allotment of a site for a State 
building. Some confusion or misconception has arisen in regard 
to this, which it is unnecessary here to recount. But it is earn- 
estly desired that the question be settled as quickly as possible, 
and that Montana may be allotted the site originally promised. 

A plan of a State building has been prepared and is ready to 
be submitted for approval as soon as it is definitely determined 
where the building shall be placed. 

Respectfully submitted, 

S. De Wolfe, 
President Montana State Board of Managers. 

Chicago, Dec. 9, 1891. 

NEW HAMPSHIRE. 

Geo. R. Davis, Director General World's Columbian Exposition, 
Chicago. 

Dear Sir: As Executive Commissioner of the World's Fair 
Commissioners of our State, I have the honor of making the 
following report: 

The Legislature, at its session last winter, made an appropri- 
ation of $25,000, and stipulated that $10,000 should be expended 
in the erection of a State building. The plans of this building 
have not yet been accepted, but the building will be erected 
early the coming summer. 

Under this law the Governor appointed four Commissioners, 
all men. No provision was made recognizing any of the mem- 
bers of the National Commission or the Lady Members or their 
Alternates. We have, however, invited them to our meetings, 
and expect they will work in harmony with the State Board. 

With the exception of the appointment of a few important 
committees, the work of the Board has so far been of an organiz- 
ing character. We confidently expect to make a creditable dis- 



72 

play of our natural and manufactured products, and our State 
will do all in its power to assist in carrying forward the great 
Exposition, in which we all have a mutual interest. 

Yours truly, E. M. Shaw, 

Ex-Commissioner. 

NEBRASKA. 

Chicago, December 10, 1891. 
Director General George R. Davis, World's Columbian Ex- 
position, Chicago, III. 
My Dear Sir: Nebraska begs leave to make the following 
report: The Legislature of Nebraska made an appropriation dur- 
ing their session, in 1891, of $50,000, to be used in making a 
State exhibit at the World's Columbian Exposition, to be held in 
Chicago during the year 1893. The 1st of August, 1891, the 
Governor of Nebraska appointed six Commissioners and one 
Commissioner General to take charge and look after said exhibit. 
Since August 1st, the Nebraska Commission have visited most of 
the counties in the State and organized a County World's Fair 
Commission, to work in connection with the State Commission, 
and while we find an earnest desire, especially among our farm- 
ers, to assist in making up a fine exhibit, there is also a very 
earnest demand that the State be allowed to place not only 
cereals, and other products of the soil, in the State building, but 
also any manufactured articles, from those products, that may be 
desired; as well as fine arts, and woman's handiwork. It is the 
opinion of the Nebraska State Commission, and also their constit- 
uents, that unless this privilege is granted they could not make 
such a display and showing up of the State as would be benefi- 
cial and satisfactory to all concerned. We have no plans for our 
State building to submit for your approval as yet; the delay has 
been contingent on your final decision in the matters above re- 
ferred to. Respectfully yours, 

R. R. Greer, 

Commissioner General. 

A. L. Strang, 
President. 



NEW JERSEY. 
Report of New Jersey Commission. 

In compliance with the resolution adopted yesterday, the 
committee representing the New Jersey Commission of the 
World's Columbian Exposition make the following report, to 
wit: 

During the session of 1891, of the Legislature of New Jersey, 
a bill was passed authorizing the appointment of eight Commis- 
sioners, to be known as the New Jersey Commission of the 
World's Columbian Exposition, who were to assist the various 
Boards of the State in making their respective exhibits and to 
encourage the manufacturers throughout the State to make such 
displays of their productions as would reflect credit upon them 
and uphold the reputation of New Jersey in all of her manufact- 
uring interests. 

For wise reasons, but twenty thousand ($20,000) dollars was 
asked for in this bill; which amount was appropriated. 

The Commissioners were duly appointed, and since their 
organization have been steadily at work. 

It has been decided to erect a building on the plot of ground 
allotted to New Jersey, at a cost not to exceed $20,000, the 
building to be constructed of materials produced in the State, 
and probably so planned that its parts may be gotten out and 
fitted in New Jersey, brought to Jackson Park, and erected by 
workmen from our State. In order to do this, and all the work 
devolving upon the Commission, an enlarged appropriation is 
inevitable, for which we Took to the Legislature convening 
" early in January, 1892; " and we expect a sum adequate for all 
uses. 

Feeling that we could best induce our people to exhibit, our 
Commission, through its Secretary, has obtained blank forms of 
application for space from the Director General and sent them 
to our manufacturers. 

We regret to state that the returns have been few thus far. 
We propose to issue a circular letter, in the very near future, to 
the intending exhibitors of New Jersey, containing not only an 






74 

urgent appeal, but some valuable information, gathered at this 
conference. 

The law authorizing the New Jersey Commission does not 
contemplate a Board of Lady Managers. Such an addition may 
be made at the coming session of the Legislature. 
(Signed) F. J. Meeker, 

Walter F. Lenox, 

Committee. 

NEW MEXICO. 

The Board of Managers of the World's Columbian Exposi- 
tion of New Mexico met and organized in pursuance of the Ter- 
ritorial law under which it was created. 

Owing to an omission in the law, the appropriation of $25,000 
made by the Territory will not become available until 1892. 

This omission has greatly retarded the action of the Terri- 
torial Board. The Act authorized each county to make an 
additional appropriation. 

The Board has, however, organized, formulated the course to 
be pursued, appointed its committees, and entered upon the 
work with a determination to present as fully as possible the 
wonderful natural resources of the Territory. 

An especial effort is being made to exhibit its varied and vast 
mineral wealth, its precions stones and rare gems; the variety 
and extent of its forestry, the variety and quality of agricul- 
tural and horticultural products, viniculture, and manufactured 
wine. 

To the collection and exhibition of an archaeological and 
ethnological display, as gathered from the abandoned ruins of 
the Cliff Dwellers, the Pueblo and Aztec Indians. 

And to make a practical exhibit of the mode of farming in 
the arid regions by means of irrigation. 

The work has been divided among the different members of 
the Board; agents have been appointed and placed in the field 
under the control of the Board to collect and prepare the various 
exhibits; Boards and committees have been organized in many 



75 

of the counties, and a spirit of local emulation aroused by the 
offering of premiums to be paid by the Territory. 

The Territorial Board has decided to join the other Terri- 
tories in the erection of a joint building for the use of all the 
Territories; an appropriation has been made for this purpose, 
and the plans and specifications of the proposed building pre- 
pared and submitted to the Director General and Board of Con- 
struction for approval. 

W. T. Thornton, 
President Board of Managers for New Mexico. 

NORTH DAKOTA. 

Chicago, III., December 10, 1891. 
To the Chairman of the Conference of the Boards of Control and 
State Representatives: 

As the representative of the State of North Dakota, I have 
the honor to report that the Legislature of our State, at its session 
last winter, made an appropriation of $25,000 for the purposes of 
making our exhibit at the World's Fair, erecting State build- 
ings, etc. 

In justice to our Legislature I would state that the framers of 
our State Constitution, in fixing upon a per cent, upon the valu- 
ation of the State as a basis for establishing the maximum 
indebtedness to be allowed, settled upon a rate which, while it 
would be tolerable, perhaps, for older and established States, was 
ridiculous in a State about to commence housekeeping on its 
own account. The constitution will be amended in this respect 
as soon as the established course of procedure will permit. 
Meantime, with rich resources in the State, all enterprises depend- 
ent upon appropriation were hampered, in view of which fact the 
friends of the Exposition in North Dakota asked only for the 
$25,000 which was allowed. 

We hope to have a further appropriation at the next session 
of our Legislature, but this has not and will not interfere with the 
arrangements which we have made to raise funds by contribution. 

Acting upon the suggestion of National Commissioner Rucker, 



76 

we have started a popular $i subscription for the purpose of 
raising funds for our State building. We propose later on to 
ask for general subscriptions to add to the general fund of which 
we have control. 

Our Board unanimously adopted plans for a State building, 
furnished us by J. L. Silsbee, Esq., and the matter is now in his 
hands, the building to be erected at such times as may be desired 
by the Construction Department. 

Little has as yet been done in the way of collecting or pre- 
paring exhibits, except in the way of flora. 

Our North Dakota Millers' Association and Live Stock & 
Dairy Association have already shown a lively interest in the 
Exposition, and will do all in their power to make the exhibits in 
their several branches a success. 

With respect to the Woman's Department I have to report 
that our State Board authorized the National Lady Managers of 
our State to organize the ladies of North Dakota into World's 
Columbian Exposition Circles, and this work is now progressing 
satisfactorily. 

In the Department of Education and Forestry, I am gratified to 
report that our State has made much progress. The State Super- 
intendent of Public Instruction and the State Superintendent of 
Forestry have taken charge of their respective departments 
with intelligence and energy, and have already accomplished all 
necessary preliminary work. 

Our State Board consists of five members, appointed by the 
Governor. The National members — ladies and gentlemen — are 
ex-officio members. Respectfully submitted, 

H. C. Southard, 
President of State Board, N . Dak. 

OHIO. 

Madam President, Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemen of the 
Conference: 

I had not expected to make any report. I came to learn, and 
hoped that some gentleman of our Board would have been pres- 



7? 

ent to tell you what our State has been doing for the Columbian 
Commission; but, none having come, I present the following 
slight sketch of our Appropriation Bill and the little that we 
have, so far, been able to accomplish in our State. 

An Act to provide for the collection, arrangement, and dis- 
play of the products of the State of Ohio, at the World's Colum- 
bian Exposition of 1893, was passed by the General Assembly 
of the State of Ohio, March 21, 1891. This Act has for its basis 
a bill, formulated, I have understood, by the National Commis- 
sion, and makes an appropriation of $100,000 for the State work 
in the Commission. 

Early in April, the Governor appointed the members of the 
State Board, agreeably to the provisions of the bill. This Board 
consists of twenty-three members, including the National Com- 
missioners and their alternates, and the Lady Managers and their 
alternates. 

The Board held its first meeting at Columbus, on the 8th 
day of April, 1891. We elected a President, W. W. Peabody, 
Esq., and a Secretary at this first meeting. No Executive Com- 
missioner has, as yet, been elected. So far, the duties which 
would have devolved upon such an officer have been ably dis- 
charged by our very efficient President and Secretary. It has, 
however, been decided to elect one at the February meeting of 
the State Board. 

The scope of the work of the Board of Ohio's World's Fair 
Managers is outlined as follows: 

(1) To obtain necessary information regarding the Exposi- 
tion from the officers thereof and disseminate the same through 
the State. 

(2) To secure a complete and creditable display of the inter- 
ests of the State at the Exposition. 

(3) To solicit, collect, transport, prepare, arrange, and exhibit 
objects sent to the Exposition under authority of the State for 
the purpose of exhibiting the resources, history, progress, wel- 
fare, products, and general development of the State. 



78 

(4) To exercise full authority in relation to the participation 
of the State and its citizens in the Exposition. 

(5) To transport, arrange, and exhibit, at the expense of the 
owners, objects placed in charge of the Board by individual citi- 
zens. 

(6) To provide a State Headquarters at the Exposition. 
Neither the President, Vice-President, nor Commissioners 

receive any compensation, except for necessary traveling ex- 
penses and per diem, when absent from home on business of 
the State Board. 

The President of the Board has arranged twenty-three com- 
mittees, consisting each of three members. Each committee 
has a chairman appointed by the President. 

It has been decided by the State Board that none of the 
money, already appropriated by the General Assembly of Ohio, 
can be used except for State exhibits proper. We have had 
several discussions in regard to the amount which each of these 
State Societies should receive, in order to make their exhibits 
with credit to the State — such as the agricultural and horti- 
cultural, the historical and archaeological, the educational 
exhibits, etc., etc. 

At the last meeting a " Budget Committee " was appointed, 
whose duty it will be to apportion the money, so that no one 
State Society shall receive more than its share of the public 
money to the detriment of the others, except as to the Ohio 
Building; for this a definite sum has been already appropriated. 
The Building Committee have, with the approval of the Board, 
employed an architect from the State Board of Architects to 
construct this building. It is designed to use, in its construc- 
tion, only the products of Ohio. I am not able to say how far 
the work on the building has progressed. We hope to make it 
pleasant headquarters for people from Ohio, and we shall, also, 
hope to extend its hospitalities to our sister States and people 
of other nationalities. 

There has not been mapped out, as yet, any line of women's 



7Q 

• a 

special work for Ohio. A committee has been appointed to 
draw up a plan for this work. There will, probably, be a small 
sum appropriated for this work. There will not be, I presume, a 
great deal done by Ohio women in this direction. They are em- 
ployed in so many avocations jointly with men, and belong to so 
many art associations, schools of art, colleges of music, etc.. etc., 
each and all of which will, no doubt, make their own exhibit- 
It may seem as if the people of Ohio were a little slow in 
grasping the great possibilities of the Columbian Exposition, but 
Ohio will come on in time and leave her work in the history of 
the World's Fair. 

I will not detain you with a resume of the resources of our 
State and the embarrassment of riches from which she can fur- 
nish exhibits worthy of the occasion, but will leave her to speak 

for herself in 1S93. 

Mary A. Hart, 
Member of the State t 

IJ'or/J's Columbian Exposir: 

PENNSYLVANIA. 

Hex. Thos. W. Palmer, P 

Pennsylvania was among the first States to respond to your 
call with an appropriation oi SjOo,ooo and the appointment of 
a Board of Managers, with Governor Pattison as presiding 
officer. Committees were selected and organized, in accordance 
with vour first classification, and subsequently rearranged after 
your revision. Our committees are now all organized and at 
work under the general direction of our efficient executive 
officer, Benjamin Whitman. Seventy-five thousand dollars have 
been appropriated for our State Building. The architect's ; 
are now in the hands of the Executive Committee. Our B 
oi Managers have been meeting the second Thursday in e 
month. The meetings have been largely attended and enthus 
tic; but, as our business is now fully organized, it is proposed that 
we meet bi-monthly, and our committees semi-monthly. We 
doing all in our power to interest citizens generally in t 
offering premiums for the best di< - , and 



80 

such products as would not be exhibited by private enterprise for 
commercial purposes; and, in short, are stirring up and keeping 
alive a sentiment of State pride among the people, with a view 
of securing the most complete and creditable display of Penn- 
sylvania products that it is possible to gather together. The 
work in the Women's Department is further advanced and better 
organized than any other. Miss McCandless is here to speak of 
that. Respectfully, 

A. B. Farquhar. 

Report — Miss McCandless, Pennsylvania. 

The ladies of the National Board are members of the State 
Board, and Mrs. Mabel C. Jones has also been elected a member. 
Auxiliary Societies are being formed in the twenty-six 
congressional districts, from five to fifteen women composing a 
District Committee. After receiving their commissions, the said 
committees will meet in their respective districts, receive 
instructions from the Executive Commissioner, Mr. Whitman, 
and each Committee will elect a District Delegate, who will 
confer with the Committee on Women's Work. 

i st. The said committee to see the importance of a general 
circular, informing the women of the several States what they 
will be allowed to exhibit, and what is expected of them. 

2d. Weekly reports of the exhibitors who have applied from 
each State. 

3d. A systematic plan which will result in bringing together 
the best results of women's work, without duplicating articles 
that are of common use, and of no special interest except to 
those who made them or in the localities where they are 
produced. 

4th. The necessity for prompt and satisfactory communica- 
tion with the Executive Commissioners of the various States, so 
that they may know at all times what is being done in the 
Women's Department, and be guided accordingly. 



81 

RHODE ISLAND. 

To the Board of Reference and Control of the National Commission 
and the World's Columbian Exposition, 

I beg leave to report: On the 4th of August, 1891, the 
Legislature of Rhode Island passed an Act to provide for the 
collection, arrangement, and display of the products of the State 
of Rhode Island at the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, 
and to make an appropriation therefor. The first section of this 
Act provided: 

" Section i. That for the purpose of exhibiting the resources, 
products, and general development of the State of Rhode Island 
at the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, a Commission is 
hereby constituted, to be designated, " The Board of World's 
Fair Managers of Rhode Island," which shall consist of the 
World's Columbian Commissioners from this State and their 
alternates, and the Board of Lady Managers of the World's 
Columbian Commission from this State, and their alternates, and 
the World's Columbian Commissioner at large and alternate 
from the State, if any there be, and eight citizens, to be organized 
and continue its duties as hereinafter provided. 

"Sec. 2. The eight citizen members of said Board shall be 
appointed by the Governor, in equal number, from the two lead- 
ing parties, within thirty days after the passage of this Act, and 
shall meet at such time as the Governor may appoint, and 
organize by the election of a President, a Vice-President, a Sec- 
retary, and a Treasurer. Five members of said Board shall con- 
stitute a quorum for the transaction of business. The Board 
shall have power to make rules and regulations for its govern- 
ment, provided such rules and regulations will not conflict with 
the regulations adopted under the Act of Congress for the gov- 
ernment of said World's Columbian Exposition. Any member 
of the Board may be removed at any time by the Governor, for 
cause. Any vacancy which may occur in the membership of 
said Board shall be filled by the Governor. 

" Sec. 5. The said Board shall have charge of the interests of 
the State and its citizens in the preparation and exhibition, at the 

6 



82 

World's Columbian Exposition of 1893, of the natural and indus- 
trial products of the State, and of objects illustrating its history, 
progress, moral and material welfare, and future development, 
and in all other matters relating to said World's Columbian 
Exposition; it shall communicate with the officers of, and obtain 
and disseminate through the State, all necessary information 
regarding said Exposition, and in general have and exercise full 
authority in relation to the participation of the State of Rhode 
Island and its citizens in the World's Columbian Exposition 
of 1893. 

"Sec. 7. To carry out the provisions of this Act, the sum 
of $25,000, or as much thereof as may be necessary, is hereby 
appropriated out of any money in the treasury not otherwise 
appropriated." 

The location allotted by the Director General for the Rhode 
Island State Building has been accepted by the Commission, and 
a plan for such building has been submitted to the Chief of the 
Bureau of Construction for his approval. Under the new con- 
ditions, which I believe are to result from this Conference, I have 
no doubt that the contributions from the State I have the honor 
to represent will be more numerous and important. 

Many of our large manufacturers of cotton and woolen 
goods, of steam engines and machinery, have already expressed 
their intention to make exhibits on. a scale which I am sure will 
add to the attraction of the Exposition, and reflect credit on my 
State. 

John C. Wyman, 

Executive Commissioner. 

SOUTH DAKOTA. 

Mr. President: — The South Dakota World's Fair Commis- 
sion begs leave to submit, as the major part of its report, the 
annexed pamphlet, which contains nearly all the information 
asked for by the resolution of yesterday, offered by the member 
of the Board of Control from California. 






83 

Since the pamphlet was printed, there has been appointed a 
Lady Commission of eight members, which will meet at Huron 
the 17th inst. for the election of the usual executive officers, and 
one Lady Commissioner for the State at large. The names of 
the officers and members of the Lady Commission will be printed 
in the second edition of the pamphlet, should such issue be 
deemed advisable. The first edition is 10,000 copies, a sufficient 
number of which are placed on the table here to supply the 
State Commissions present, with whom we hereby solicit an 
exchange of documents. 

As the pamphlet outlines our plan of a State collective exhibit, 
it may not be amiss to report in this connection that the plan has 
been adopted by the Commission as its chart and compass, and 
stands as the pledge of the Commission to the people of the 
State, of whom it is asking voluntary contributions to the amount 
of $80,000. We are unable to see how such an exhibit can be 
made in the name of, and fully to the credit of, our State under 
the present plan of the Exposition, which we have studied care- 
fully. We offer no captious opposition; we merely state a fact. 

We further report that what our people seem to desire is that 
we produce a collective State exhibit that shall be installed by 
the Commission in its own way, subject only to obviously neces- 
sary general rules; an exhibit that shall remain under the con- 
trol of the State Commission, subject to the rules mentioned, and 
be presented to the world by said Commission, entirely free from 
the control or interference of the competitive departments. 

While saying this, we desire to state also that we are equally 
ambitious that the competitive departments shall be filled, and 
our people and our Commission will do their share to fill them. 
Respectfully submitted, 

Oliver Gibbs, Jr., 
Delegate and General Manager. 
Approved by: 

Chas. E. Baker, Commissioner. 

Robt. B. Fisk, Secretary of Commission. 

Present at this conference. 



84 

TENNESSEE. 

The delegates of the World's Fair Managers of Tennessee 
respectfully report that the State of Tennessee has made no- 
appropriation for a building or exhibit at the Exposition, but has 
authorized appropriations to be made by the counties, and has 
appointed a " Board of World's Fair Managers," without provis- 
ion for any compensation, or even a fund for expenses. If funds 
are raised, actual expenses of members may be paid and officers 
may have compensation. 

This Board consists of the Governor of the State, the mem- 
bers of the National Board for the State, and fifteen members, of 
whom six are women, appointed by the Governor. These have 
authority to appoint an executive manager, but are not required 
to do so. 

This Board met in Nashville on Tuesday, the 3d day of 
November, last, and organized by the election of O. P. Temple, 
of Knox County, President; C. W. Tyler, of Montgomery, Vice- 
President; Daniel Bond, of Haywoods, Secretary; and Lewis T. 
Baxter, of Davidson, Treasurer. 

An Executive Committee was appointed, consisting of the 
officers of the Board, and J. B. Heiskell, Chairman, and Mrs. 
Carrington Mason, of Shelby County; E. C. Mowell and Mrs.. 
M. C. Goodlet, of Davidson; John T. Wilder, of Washington,, 
and Mrs. Sam. McKinney, of Knox.. 

Efforts are being made in the principal cities of the State to> 
induce liberal appropriations by the County Courts, and influen- 
tial exchanges and public bodies have recommended prompt and 
liberal action, and we think we have reasonable ground to hope- 
that we may realize $50,000, or perhaps $ 100,000, to erect a State 
building and make a State exhibit. 

Our County Courts can act upon appropriations only at their 
quarterly terms, the first of which occurs on the first Monday of 
January next, that being the first term since the organization of 
the State Board, so that it has not been possible to procure any 
action up to this time. In several of the wealthiest and most 
populous counties we expect to obtain action at the January 



85 

term, but in many of the counties it can not be expected that 
action can be procured until April. If, however, the counties of 
Davidson, Hamilton, Knox, Montgomery, and Shelby can be 
induced, in January, to make liberal appropriations, it will give 
^assurance of a respectable exhibit. 

Respectfully submitted, 

O. P. Temple, 
J. B. Heiskell. 
TEXAS. 
Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Fair Conference. 

Sir: As a member of the Board of Directors of the Texas 
World's Fair Exhibit Association; authorized and requested to 
represent said Board at this conference and in compliance with 
the resolution adopted yesterday, I have the honor to submit the 
following: 

When the Legislature of Texas adjourned last winter without 
making an appropriation to have the State creditably represented 
at the World's Columbian Exposition, the people of Texas held 
a convention in the city of Fort Worth and organized the Texas 
World's Fair Exhibit Association, with a capital stock of $300,000 
divided into shares of $1 each. A board of seven directors, one 
from each of the seven larger cities of the State, was chosen by 
the convention. These directors immediately secured a charter 
for the association and went to work to raise the $300,000 by 
dividing it up among the 220 counties in the State on a basis of 
15 cents per capita. More than half these counties have already 
raised their quota. 

Texas, through its popular organization, will spend $100,000 
on its State building, which will be built of Texas woods, granite, 
marble, limestone, iron, brick, and other native materials. The 
plans for this building have just been adopted. One hundred 
thousand dollars will be expended in stocking this building with 
county collective exhibits of its natural products and resources 
and a very extensive historical exhibit of Texas as a province of 
Mexico, as an independent republic, and as one of the States oi 
the Union. These exhibits will be made in harmony with the 



86 

rules adopted by the Board of Control with reference to State 
exhibits. The Board of Directors of the Texas Association have 
more fully recognized the participation of women in World's 
Fair work than has thus far been done by any other State,, 
having arranged for a convention of the women of Texas, which 
was held in Dallas on October 29th, and which was honored and 
encouraged by the presence of the President of the National 
Board of Lady Managers, who addressed the women on World's 
Fair work. At this meeting the Texas Board of Lady Managers 
was organized by the election of a President and Secretary, and 
the President appointed an Executive Committee of thirty-one 
women, representing each of the State senatorial districts. 

Local committees of men and women are now thoroughly 
organized and heartily and enthusiastically at work in each of the 
220 counties in the State, and report weekly to the officers of the 
association at their headquarters at Waco. From the great success 
that these county committees are meeting with, both in raising 
money and promoting the interests of the Exposition, it is 
believed that this method of securing funds to have a State 
creditably represented at the World's Fair will achieve grander, 
more effective results than appropriations made by a State Leg- 
islature, and will be the means of bringing forth the largest num- 
ber of suitable and acceptable exhibits, both from the State itself 
as well as its individual citizens, to be shown in the depart- 
mental buildings of the Exposition, in the Woman's Building, and 
in the State Building. 

Texas, on this occasion, desires to return its sincere thanks to- 
Director General Davis and to Mrs. President Palmer for having 
visited the State — the former in May last and the latter in Octo- 
ber — and by their presence and influence rendering the popular 
World's Fair movement in Texas an assured success. 

Jno. T. Dickinson. 

VERMONT. 
Pursuant to the resolution adopted December 9, 1891, the 
following report is presented from the World's Columbian Com- 
mission of Vermont/: 



87 

At a special session of the Legislature of Vermont, held in 
August, 1891, the sum of $15,000 was appropriated for Exposi- 
tion uses, and an Act was passed under which a Commission of 
nine members has been appointed, of which the Governor of 
the State is Chairman, the other members being the Commis- 
sioners, the alternate Commissioners, Lady Managers, and 
alternate Lady Managers who had been previously designated. 
The organization of the World's Columbian Commission of 
Vermont has been completed by the appointment of H. H 
Mclntyre as General Agent. Arrangements are in progress for 
the erection of a building and for the preparation of a State 
exhibit. All of which is respectfully submitted, 

Aldace F. Walker, 

Commissioner. 
WASHINGTON. 

To the Officers and Members of the National Commission and of 
the World's Columbian Exposition and of the Board of 
Lady Maitagers, to the Delegates from the different State 
associations here assembled. 

Ladies and Gentlemen: Knowing that by the time the 
report from the State of Washington is reached we will all be 
fully tired out and exhausted, I beg to state that while I feel 
that our new Western State is fully in line with the front ranks 
of the procession, I would confine myself in this report to a very 
general outline of what has been accomplished by our State. 

Those taking an active interest in this work, instigated and 
agitated in August, 1890, a movement which succeeded in arous- 
ing a general feeling in almost every county, sending a special 
delegate to organize commercial organizations where none 
existed, which resulted in a delegated convention of one hun- 
dred, meeting for permanent organization at the Capitol of our 
State during the session of the Legislature in January, 1891. 

The result of the work of this organization can be fully 
appreciated when it is stated that we obtained an appropriation 
of one hundred thousand ($100,000) dollars as a starter for 
the Washington Exhibit. We then formed a permanent organ iza- 



88 

tion under the name of the Washington World's Fair Commission, 
and by an Act passed by our Legislature. I submit herewith a copy 
of same and all rules and regulations under which we are working. 

I am pleased to state that our general work is progressing 
more than satisfactorily. We have just had the plans for our 
building, which will be built entirely of Washington resources, 
formally approved by the supervising architects of Chicago. 

We have every department of our State thoroughly organized, 
with a carefully chosen head, and while we are one of the newest, 
and financially one of the smallest, we expecf to show that we 
are made out of the kind of material that will continue to be 
awake to every proposition calculated to increase the strength 
and character of our nation. 

Supposing that every question that I desire to ask will have 
been thought of before, I shall leave that portion from my report 
and ask the indulgence, in case any question presents itself, that 
I may be allowed the privilege of raising it hereafter. 
Respectfully submitted, 

Percy W. Rochester, 

Of Washington. 

WEST VIRGINIA. 

Mr. President, Ladies and Gentlemenr 

In conformity to the resolution passed at your meeting yes- 
terday, of which I was informed late yesterday afternoon, not 
being present at the meeting, I beg to report, as the representa- 
tive of the State Commission of West Virginia, that at the 
earliest opportunity at the meeting of our last Legislature that 
honorable body made an appropriation of $40,000, which is 
now available to aid its citizens in making a creditable display of 
the State's various resources, including its manufactured articles 
as well as its agricultural products, at the Columbian Exposition 
to be held in this city in 1893; and with this appropriation, a 
Commission composed of five gentlemen was to be appointed by 
the Governor to carry out the law creating said Commission. 
The said Commission was duly appointed, and has been in a state 
of organization since May last, since which time they have been 



89 

actively engaged in working up the general State interest in this 
great Exposition, and I am glad to report that our people are 
taking a lively interest in the same. 

In the appropriation made by our State, the Commission is 
limited in its expenditure to $20,000 for State building, and 
in this regard I am pleased to report that plans have been 
adopted which have been executed by our architect and 
approved by the Board of Control, and are now in the hands of 
builders, looking to an early completion of the same; and when 
completed, we expect and hope that it will reflect credit on our 
young and growing State, as well as. to the general features of 
the Exposition. 

Our exhibition will be of a character confined largely to our 
•extensive manufactures, our almost inexhaustible resources as to 
timber, coal, and other minerals, which, heretofore, have been 
largely inaccessible, but are now being reached by the new rail- 
roads being projected and built throughout our State, the 
exhibition of which will be so opportune in connection with this 
great Exposition, the fact of which is very keenly appreciated by 
our whole people. 

In conclusion, I desire to say that West Virginia will not be 
behind her sister States in her contribution to make this Exposi- 
tion a grand success, and will always be found ready to 
co-operate with the controlling powers in accomplishing the 
great object for which this Exposition was inaugurated. 
Respectfully submitted, 

W. N. Chancellor. 

WISCONSIN. 

Mr. President: The amount appropriated by the Wisconsin 
Legislature for World's Fair work is $65,000. The Board con- 
sists of eleven members, seven of them having been appointed 
by the Governor and the remaining four being the National 
Commissioners and Lady Managers from the State. 

The Board have elected Robert B. Kirkland, of Jefferson, 
Wis., as Executive Commissioner, who is now actively discharg- 
ing the duties required of him. 






90 

Plans for a State Headquarters Building were accepted by the 
Board on October 20, 1891, and have, since that date, been duly 
and formally approved by the Bureau of Construction of the Expo- 
sition. It is estimated that the building will cost $30,000, and wilt 
be constructed entirely of Wisconsin material. Bids for the con- 
struction of the building will be asked for on February 15th 
and actual erection of the same will begin early in the spring. 

The Board have adopted a plan of appointing, in each of the 
sixty-eight counties of the State, a County Auxiliary Committee, 
to consist of two women and three men, whose duty shall be ta 
co-operate with the State Board, attend to securing exhibits, and 
work up, in their respective localities, interest in the Exposition. 
These committees are to be announced and published on the 
15th inst. 

A very general interest in World's Fair work is being mani- 
fested throughout the State, and the people of Wisconsin keenly* 
feel and appreciate that the proximity of the Fair to its borders 
will prove of material permanent advantage to the State. 

C. W. Graves. 



The questions presented by the representatives of the several 
States and referred to the Director General, were replied to as 
follows : 

Director General Davis: — It is evident, from the questions 
propounded, that this body does not thoroughly understand our 
organization. 

We have, as you understand, a great work here to perform. 
The Board of Directors are taking charge of the buildings, 
through the Construction Department, and are pushing forward 
the work. They have charge, in their Committees, of all con- 
cessions, and matters of revenue come directly under their 
supervision. We also, have an organization provided by com- 
pact between the National Board and the Board of Directors, 
to conduct the work of the Exposition. There are thirteen 
active executive Departments and two administrative Depart- 
ments. Each one of these Departments has a Chief, and these 
Chiefs have been appointed with the greatest care. We have 
selected them from among the most noted men in their lines in 
this country. 

We have at the head of the Department of Agriculture, Mr. 
W. I. Buchanan, of Iowa, a man well versed and expert in his 
line. The Department of Horticulture is under the charge of 
Mr. Samuels, of Kentucky. We had some difficulty in finding a 
Chief of that Department, but finally secured a very good one. 
He has associated with him in charge of the Bureau of Horti- 
culture Mr. John Thorpe, of New York City, who is well known 
as a prominent floriculturist. Mr. Buchanan is acting Chief of 
the Department of Live Stock, but Mr. E. W. Cottrell, of Detroit, 
has been appointed Chief of that Department, and he will assume 
his duties in time to attend to all applications that are sent in. 
Captain J. W. Collins, in the Fish and Fisheries Department, was 
appointed by permission of the President of the United States 

(91) 



92 

from the National Fish Commission. He will look after not only 
the National but the State exhibits. The Department of Mines 
and Mining has Mr. F. J. V. Skiff, of Colorado, for Chief, who 
is well versed in the work of his Department. The Department 
of Machinery is under the charge of Gen. L. W. Robinson, 
detailed by the Secretary of the United States Navy for this 
duty. He was first officer under General Albert, who was super- 
intendent of the Machinery Department of the Centennial, and 
is thoroughly qualified to go ahead with the work of his Depart- 
ment. Mr. Willard A. Smith, of Chicago, is in charge of the 
Department of Transportation Exhibits. The Manufactures 
Department is under Mr. James Allison, who was head of the 
great Exposition at Cincinnati. He is well versed in the work, 
and has great experience in expositions. Prof. John P. Bar- 
rett, of this city, has charge of the Department of Electricity. 
The Fine Arts Department is under the charge of Prof. H. W. 
Ives, of Washington University, St. Louis, who is abroad now in 
the interest of his Department. Dr. S. H. Peabody, late presi- 
dent of the University of Illinois, is in charge of the Depart- 
ment of Liberal Arts, which includes the Bureaus of Education, 
Music, and the Drama. Mr. Theodore Thomas has been ap- 
pointed Musical Director and Mr. Thomas Tomlins Choral 
Director of the Bureau of Music. Prof. F. W. Putnam, of Har- 
vard University, Chief of the Department of Ethnology, has 
given twenty-five years of his life to the special line of work 
under his charge, and is probably as excellent a Chief for that 
Department as we could find in this country. The Chiefs of the 
Departments of Publicity and Promotion and Foreign Affairs 
are respectively Major M. P. Handy, of Pennsylvania, and Hon. 
Walker Fearn, of Louisiana, late Minister to Greece, Roumania, 
and Servia. 

I refer to the organization at this time for the purpose of 
showing that we have experts in charge of the work. They 
have under them a corps of employes located here, and assistants 
in other parts of the United States, and foreign countries, to 
attend to securing exhibits. 



93 

QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. 

California. — i. What privileges will be granted to States 
and Territories to maintain within their respective buildings a 
cafe or restaurant where the products of their own State can be 
disposed of? 

No provision has been made for such privileges. 

2. In the matter of perishable goods, particularly in the De- 
partment of Horticulture, where they will have to be replaced 
frequently, will the exhibitors be allowed to dispose of their 
exhibits before they become a loss, and replace them with fresh 
exhibits from day to day ? 

Arrangements may be made with the Chief ot any Department 
for the sale of perishable exhibits, under the regulations pre- 
scribed by the Ways and Means Committee. 

3. In States or Territories where the Legislature have not- 
provided for an Auxiliary Board of Lady Managers, is it desir- 
able for the State Boards or Commission to organize such boards, 
or leave the work to be done by members of the National Board 
of Lady Managers from their respective States or Territories? 

(Answer by Mrs. Potter Palmer, President of the Board of 
Lady Managers.) 

It is very desirable for the State Boards to appoint auxiliary 
committees, as they can be remunerated from the funds of the 
State; and they are especially urged to appoint the Lady Man- 
agers and their alternates to full membership on these commit- 
tees, and thus avoid many complications that would otherwise 
arise. 

Colorado. — 1. Will permission be given to sell in State 
buildings, photographs of State scenery, books of native flora,, 
etc., provided the consent of the State boards is secured ? 

No provision has been made for the sale of such articles in 
State buildings. 

2. Will the names of exhibitors making displays through 
the State boards be allowed on their exhibits ? 

They will. 



94 

Florida. — i. What will be the switching charge at Chicago 
from the depot of delivery to the World's Fair Grounds ? 

Switching Rate on Exhibits at Chicago. — The switching 
rate on exhibits at Chicago, from the intersection of the various 
railroads with the Illinois Central tracks, will be eight (8) cents 
per ioo pounds. 

This rate was agreed upon by the Committee on Transporta- 
tion, subject to the approval of the Executive Committee, to 
whom the matter has been referred, and of whose action due 
notice will be given. 

This rate will be made in both directions, and includes the 
switching rate both outside and within the Exposition grounds; 
also the placing of exhibits on or adjacent to the space allotted 
in the various buildings.^ 

It is the intention that the terminal charge of eight (8) cents 
per ioo on the forward journey be prepaid, and collected with 
the freight charges at the point of shipment, the goods being 
•delivered at the Exposition free of all charges. 

Switching Rate on Construction Material at Chicago. 
— The switching rate on construction material from the intersec- 
tion of the Illinois Central road to the Exposition grounds, is 
six (6) dollars per car, in addition to. the regular freight rates, 
except on such cars as may be delivered to the Illinois Central 
road at Harvey and the Union Stock Yards, on which the rate 
will be seven (7) dollars per car. The above rates cover the 
-expense of switching within the Exposition grounds to a point 
as near the State buildings as can be conveniently reached by 
the tracks now or hereafter constructed. 

2. Will the switching rates on freight shipped by State 
boards be the same rate charged as on freight shipped by indi- 
vidual exhibitors ? 

A uniform switching rate will be made at Chicago for the 
handling of construction material and exhibits to both State and 
individual exhibitors. 



95 

Illinois — i. Will the Illinois Board of World's Fair Com- 
missioners be permitted to install and conduct a restaurant in 
one of the upper stories of their State building, for the exclusive 
use of and accommodation of the members of the Board and 
their employees ? 

No provision has been made for such privileges in State 
buildings. 

2. What are the standards of admission for the several classes 
of animals, and especially the methods adopted in applying 
those standards, in deciding upon applications for entry ? In 
other words, to what extent and by what authority will discrimi- 
nation be exercised in deciding upon the acceptance or rejection 
of individual applications for entry of animals in the several 
classes included in the general classification for international 
competition ? 

The general standards of admission for live stock exhibits 
are presented in full in the printed regulations of that Depart- 
ment. The right of discrimination between animals qualified 
under the general regulations for admission will be exercised by 
the Chief of the Department of Live Stock, subject to the 
right of appeal to the Director General and National Commission. 

The Illinois Woman's Exposition Board desires to learn 
whether it is permitted to solicit and receive from the women of 
Illinois, original applications for non-competitive exhibits, and to 
install the same, if approved, in the Illinois State Building, where 
space has been assigned for that purpose. 

I should answer in the affirmative — that the Board has that 
right; not to conflict, however, with the rules and regulations 
which prescribe the character of the exhibits which are permitted 
in State buildings. 

Iowa. — Will a great corn-producing State be permitted, in its 
State building, either as a decoration, an exhibit, or a restaurant, 
to serve the public in the best style of the culinary art with the 
great variety of forms in which maize may be prepared for 
human food ? 



96 

No provision has been made for such privileges in State 
buildings. 

Will the States be perm tted to use their discretion in supply- 
ing music at their respective State buildings during the continu- 
ance of the Exposition ? 

Yes; subject to the general rules and regulations of the- 
Exposition. 

Massachusetts. — i. What duties does the President of the 
Board of Lady Managers desire the lady members of State 
boards to do ? 

(Answered by Mrs. Potter Palmer, President of the Board of 
Lady Managers.) 

Commissions cooperating with the Board of Lady Managers v 
v.- i 1 1 be asked to aid them: 

i. To procure, for competition in the Main Buildings, a 
representative exhibit showing the work of women in all the 
varied occupations in which they engage. 

2. To procure, as far as possible, statistics as to the amount 
of woman's work that enters into every exhibit, and other inter- 
esting data connected with the same. 

3. To recommend to the Board work by women of. such 
supreme excellence as to be worthy of admission to the gallery 
of the Woman's Building. 

4. To recommend to the Board women who have the: 
requisite expert knowledge to serve on various juries of award. 

5. To see that the educational work, being carried on by 
women, from the primary to the highest branches of education, 
is exhibited when possible, and when not possible that it be 
illustrated by means of maps, charts, photographs, etc. 

6. To see that the charitable and philanthropic work, as- 
well as that to promote recreation, healthfulness, reform, etc., 
inaugurated by women, is either exhibited or made matter of 
record as above. 

7. To aid in giving suitable publicity to the plans of the- 



Board of Lady Managers in all the leading papers, through the 
agency of press women, when possible. 

8. To aid in collection of a loan exhibit of old lace, embroid- 
eries, fans, etc. 

9. To secure the books written by women, for the Women's 
Library; especially such as relate to the exact sciences, philoso- 
phy, art, etc. 

2. Shall the Executive Commissioners from each State cor- 
respond with the Chiefs of the different Departments, or must all 
correspondence relating to exhibits, pass through the office of 
the Director-General ? 

The rule of the Board of Control on this subject is as follows: 
All applications for space, and correspondence relating thereto, 
shall be addressed to the Director-General, who will cause an 
accurate record thereof to be kept in his office, and will direct 
the reference of such applications and correspondence to the 
Chief of that Department to which they properly belong, and 
thereafter the Chiefs of the respective Departments shall continue 
the correspondence with exhibitors, and shall supply blank appli- 
cations for space in such form as the Director-General shall 
approve. 

3. What are the desires of the Commission relating to the 
character of exhibits ? Are the State Commissions expected to 
reject offered exhibits, the purpose of which appears to be the use 
of the Exposition as a warehouse for the sale or advertisement 
of nostrums and decoctions, or shall the State Commission refus- 
ing those, be guided solely by a desire to place on exhibition 
only those products which shall best represent the development 
of science, brain, and skill ? 

State Commission may advise, but can not decide finally upon 
the acceptance or rejection of any offered exhibit. It will be the 
policy of the management to exclude everything that is trifling 
or without value. 

4. Is it the desire of the Chief of the Bureau of Liberal Arts, 
that each State shall at once take charge of the Educational ex- 



98 

hibit, and if so, will he furnish to each State at an early date a 
plan of the method which he has adopted for exhibiting same, 
giving to each State some idea of the space on which it can 
depend ? 

Dr. Peabody, the Chief of the Department of Liberal Arts, 
expects that some properly constituted authority in each State 
will collect, select, and forward the material for an Educational 
State exhibit. These exhibits will include all lines of Educational 
work supported at public cost and directed by public authority. 
An organized arrangement has been devised, in which the States 
will be separately placed, and at the same time, the different 
grades may be consecutively shown. The higher institutions 
will be grouped by themselves, in spaces included in the State 
allotments. Professional and technological specialties will be 
grouped together, to facilitate illustration and study. The allot- 
ment to the several States can not yet be made. The Chief seeks 
first to ascertain what States intend to exhibit, and what elements 
and institutions each will present. 

5. What action, if any, has been taken on the subject matter 
of the many petitions which our board has been informed have 
been sent to Chicago looking toward the erection of a separate 
building for the Department of Liberal Arts ? 

Petitions from Massachusetts and from other States have 
come to Chicago asking for a separate building for the Depart- 
ment of Liberal Arts. These petitions have been carefully con- 
sidered. We have urged in every proper way the necessity of 
providing, if possible, a separate building for this Department; 
but we understand from the Board of Directors that it is not pos- 
sible to erect a separate building for this purpose. We must 
carry out this Exposition on the lines already laid down. We 
have about 150 acres of floor space, and we must confine our- 
selves to that, and to our estimates of expenditure. 

Some have asserted that we were going to give Education an 
insignificant place — to drive it into a corner. On the contrary, 
we assign to it a spacious place in the most magnificent building 
on the grounds. This great building has thirty-two acres on the 



99 

ground floor, and with the second floor some forty acres for ex- 
hibits. The great Department of Liberal Arts will have about 
400,000 feet of this space, amounting to over nine acres. It 
will occupy the entire south end of the building, opening on the 
main avenue of the Exposition. If we had the means to erect a 
separate building, I would prefer that, but the location assigned 
is central, ample, and worthy. 

Missouri. — What manner of procedure will be adopted in 
entering our goods in the Woman's Building that will be satis- 
factory to both parties ? 

(Answer by Mrs. Potter Palmer, President of the Board of 
Lady Managers.) 

The articles in the Woman's Building will be admitted by 
invitation, but State Boards are requested to report articles of 
superior excellence to the committee in charge of the installa- 
tion of exhibits in that building. 

New Jersey. — 1. How many exhibits of the same character 
showing the process ot manufacture will be allowed ? 

This will be decided by the Chiefs of the respective Depart- 
ments as the cases arise, subject to the approval of the Director 
General. 

2. Will each exhibitor be allowed a concession for the sale 
of goods ? 

Every exhibitor may sell his goods or wares, using his exhibits 
as samples, and may deliver from a stock outside the Exposition. 
The articles exhibited may be sold for delivery after the Expo- 
sition closes, but (except perishable products) can not previously 
be removed. 

For the sale of articles to be delivered on the grounds, a 
privilege or concession must be obtained, and special applica- 
tion must be made therefor, and the privilege or concession will 
be granted or withheld, at the discretion of the Ways and Means 
Committee. 

3. Will exhibitors be allowed concessions for the sale of 
goods in more than one building? 



100 

This will be decided in accordance with the circumstances 
surrounding each case as it is presented. No general rule is 
provided. 

4. Will any process of manufacture be allowed in buildings 
other than the Machinery Building to be operated by electric or 
other motors ? 

Probably not in the buildings of Manufactures and Liberal 
Arts, Fine Arts, Horticulture, and Fisheries; but processes will be 
allowed in the Machinery Department, and probably also in the 
Agricultural, Electrical, Mines and Mining, and possibly some 
other buildings. 

5. Will power be furnished free of charge if exhibitor sup- 
plies motor ? 

A limited amount of power will be supplied free of charge; 
beyond that limit a moderate charge will be made. 

The amount of power which will be supplied gratuitously 
and the price to be paid for extra power have not yet been 
decided. 

6. How much power will be furnished as above ? 

Any amount of power reasonably required for the proper run- 
ning of machinery, will be supplied on terms which will be 
stated when the permit for space is issued. 

7. Will State boards be empowered to discriminate as to 
number of exhibits in any given class ? 

Their recommendation will have the consideration of the 
Chief of Department, but admissions or rejections will be 
primarily determined by the Chiefs of Departments, subject to 
the approval of the Director General, and with appeal to the 
National Committee, in case any proposing exhibitor whose 
application has been rejected claims the right to such appeal 
within reasonable time. 

8. Will State boards also have power to accept or reject 
exhibits ? 

I should say not. The ultimate power of acceptance or 
rejection, is vested in the National Commission itself, as stated 



101 

iii the answer to question from Massachusetts. The recommenda- 
tion of State boards will be respectfully considered, and we will 
organize in Philadelphia, New York, and other places, advisory 
boards to recommend exhibits. We have already such boards in 
the Department of Fine Arts. We will organize similar boards 
in other places for the acceptance of live stock, and for exhibits 
in other Departments, if desired. It will be necessary to have, 
in addition to the State boards, experts in many special lines to 
give us recommendations; but we will use the State boards and 
their committees in this way whenever they are willing to act. 

New Mexico. — Will exhibits from the various States and 
Territories be submitted to the local boards before acceptance 
by the Commission ? 

All domestic applications must be sent to the Director Gen- 
eral, and it is immaterial whether they are sent direct by the 
intending exhibitor, or through his State or Territorial Board. 
The boards will, if they desire, be notified of all applications 
from their respective States or Territories, and can make such 
recommendations as they see fit regarding each application. 
These recommendations will be carefully considered, but final 
decision will rest with the National Commission. 

Will the State and Territorial Boards have any authority in 
connection with the granting of concessions made to applicants 
of such States or Territories ? 

Their recommendations, whether favorable or unfavorable, 
would be considered by the Ways and Means Committee, and 
would have weight; but the Ways and Means Committee of the 
World's Columbian Exposition Company has the final power to 
reject any application for a concession. The power of accept- 
ance is also vested in the same committee, subject to the ap- 
proval of the National Commission. 

Will concessions be made to more than one applicant from 
the same State or Territory for the sale of, or the manufacture 
and sale of, the same class of goods? 



102 

That is a matter to be decided by the Committee on Ways 
and Means, and can only be determined upon the merits of each 
case as it arises. 

What commissions will be charged for concessions ; what for 
the sale of articles manufactured and sold upon the grounds 
during the Exposition, and what for the sale of articles placed 
upon exhibition which are sold to be delivered at the close of 
the Exposition ? 

The percentage of royalty or amount of bonus to be charged 
for any concession will be determined by the Ways and Means 
Committee on each case as it arises, and the same rule will 
apply to privileges for the sale of goods manufactured on the 
grounds. 

No commission will be charged, or restrictions placed, upon 
the sale of exhibits for delivery after the close of the Exposi- 
tion, or of articles sold by sample and delivered outside of the 
Exposition. 

Arrangements for the sale of perishable exhibits may be 
made with the Chiefs of the several Departments, under regula- 
tions prescribed by the Ways and Means Committee. 

If exhibits are accepted by the local State Board, will they be 
put upon exhibition, provided they can be placed within the 
allotted space ? 

They will be put upon exhibition if they are accepted by the 
Chief of the proper Department. No article of any kind, or from 
any source, should be shipped to Chicago for exhibition until a 
permit for space, signed by the Director General, is in the hands 
of the person who made the application for space. 

When will the allotment of space in the several Departments 
be made ? 

We hope to have allotments of space for domestic exhibits 
made by next July, probably not before. 

Will there be an allotment of space to the various States and 



103 

Territories to be occupied by persons from such States and Terri- 
tories desiring concessions ? 

There will be no general allotment of space for concessions) 
but each application for a concession will be considered by 
itself on its own merits, and if granted, the grant will carry with 
it the space necessary for conducting the business. 

Rhode Island. — Can anyone whose application for space has 
been rejected by the Commission of his own State, secure consid- 
eration from the Board of Reference and Control for such rejected 
exhibits? 

State Boards Will not be given the authority to accept of 
reject exhibits. The final decision will rest with the Commission^ 
through its Board of Control, or its executive officer, the Director' 
General. An unfavorable report on an application made to any 
State or Territorial Commission would, however, go very far in 
influencing action, but a rejected applicant can not be deprived 
of the right of appeal 

Tennessee. — Has any arrangement been made with railroads 
for transportation of material for State buildings and State 
exhibits, and upon what terms? 

The Traffic Department is at work, and has made an arrange- 
ment under which all domestic exhibits can be brought here at 
one fare and returned free. It is endeavoring to get additional 
concessions from the several railroads. I do not understand that 
any special arrangements are yet made for building material. I 
think that is left to the several States. 

Wisconsin. — In the blank applications for space it is stated 
that the exact space each article will take up must be given. In 
many cases this is impossible. Will it then be sufficient for the ap- 
plicant to state the number of square feet, or the length and width 
of space, required for applicant's display of goods, without giving 
exact space to be required by each specific article proposed to be 
displayed ? 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



019 929 159 2 



104 



The total space required in square feet should be given. Ail 
exhibitor may send an application for four or five different 
articles, but he must give a drawing to the scale of one-fourth 
inch to the foot, showing the general location of the articles he 
proposes to exhibit, 



